MongoDB的基本使用
最近用到了 MongDB,就把所学的记录下。
首先上官网上下载最新的版本http://www.mongodb.org/downloads
解压后配置数据库路径,例如我的在 D:\MongoDB,数据库路径是 D:\MongoDB\data
在 bin 文件夹下输入命令 mongod --dbpath D:\MongoDB\data,接着再输入 mongo 看看连接情况,若出现
Mongo Shell version:x.x.x
connecting to: test
则说明配置成功了,接下来我们就可以使用自己的 mongdb 了。
对于数据库的基本使用也就是增删改查了
package edu.scut.italk.mongodb;
import java.net.UnknownHostException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import org.bson.types.ObjectId;
import com.mongodb.BasicDBObject;
import com.mongodb.DB;
import com.mongodb.DBCollection;
import com.mongodb.DBCursor;
import com.mongodb.DBObject;
import com.mongodb.MongoClient;
import com.mongodb.MongoOptions;
import edu.scut.log4j.Logs;
/**
- mongodb 操作的工具类
*/
public class DBUtil {
private static MongoClient mongoClient = null;
private static DB db = null;
private static DBCollection dbCollection = null;
</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">static</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)"> {
</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">try</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)"> {
mongoClient </span>= <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">new</span> MongoClient("127.0.0.1", 27017<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">);
db </span>= mongoClient.getDB("test"<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">);
db.createCollection(</span>"chatlogs", <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">null</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">);
dbCollection </span>= db.getCollection("chatlogs"<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">);
} </span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">catch</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)"> (UnknownHostException e) {</span>
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">/**</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">
* 设置唯一性
*
* </span><span style="color: rgba(128, 128, 128, 1)">@param</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)"> field 要设置的field
</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">*/</span>
<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">public</span> <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">static</span> <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">void</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)"> setUnique(String field) {
BasicDBObject basicDBObject </span>= <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">new</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)"> BasicDBObject();
basicDBObject.put(field, </span>1<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">);
dbCollection.ensureIndex(basicDBObject, </span>"unique_key_name", <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">true</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">);
}
</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">/**</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">
* 插入数据库
*
* </span><span style="color: rgba(128, 128, 128, 1)">@param</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)"> doc
</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">*/</span>
<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">public</span> <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">static</span> <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">void</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)"> insert(DBObject... doc) {
dbCollection.insert(doc);
}
</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">/**</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">
* 保存修改,如果数据库中不存在则插入,否则覆盖
*
* </span><span style="color: rgba(128, 128, 128, 1)">@param</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)"> dbCollection
* </span><span style="color: rgba(128, 128, 128, 1)">@param</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)"> dbObject 要保存的对象
* </span><span style="color: rgba(128, 128, 128, 1)">@return</span>
<span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">*/</span>
<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">public</span> <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">static</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)"> DBObject save(DBObject dbObject) {
dbCollection.save(dbObject);
</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">return</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)"> dbObject;
}
</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">/**</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">
* 根据id查找并返回得到的BasicObject对象
*
* </span><span style="color: rgba(128, 128, 128, 1)">@param</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)"> dbCollection
* </span><span style="color: rgba(128, 128, 128, 1)">@param</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)"> id
* </span><span style="color: rgba(128, 128, 128, 1)">@return</span>
<span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">*/</span>
<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">public</span> <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">static</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)"> BasicObject findById(String id) {
BasicObject basicObject </span>= <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">null</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">;
BasicObject query </span>= <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">new</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)"> BasicObject();
query.put(</span>"_id", <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">new</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)"> ObjectId(id));
DBObject mOb </span>=<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)"> dbCollection.findOne(query);
</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">if</span>(<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">null</span> !=<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)"> mOb)
basicObject </span>= <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">new</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)"> BasicObject(mOb.toMap());
</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">return</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)"> basicObject;
}
</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">/**</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">
* 查找children域为null的basicObject对象
*
* </span><span style="color: rgba(128, 128, 128, 1)">@param</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)"> dbCollection
* </span><span style="color: rgba(128, 128, 128, 1)">@return</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)"> 返回一个包含多个basicobject对象的list
</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">*/</span>
<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">public</span> <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">static</span> List<BasicObject><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)"> findNoChildren() {
BasicObject basicObject </span>= <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">new</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)"> BasicObject();
basicObject.setChildren(</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">null</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">);
DBCursor dbCursor </span>=<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)"> dbCollection.find(basicObject);
List</span><BasicObject> list = <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">new</span> ArrayList<BasicObject><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">();
</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">for</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)"> (DBObject dbObject : dbCursor) {
list.add(</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">new</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)"> BasicObject(dbObject.toMap()));
}
dbCursor.close();
</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">return</span> list.size() > 0 ? list : <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">null</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">;
}
</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">/**</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">
* 根据content查找并返回得到的BasicObject对象
*
* </span><span style="color: rgba(128, 128, 128, 1)">@param</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)"> dbCollection
* </span><span style="color: rgba(128, 128, 128, 1)">@param</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)"> content
* </span><span style="color: rgba(128, 128, 128, 1)">@return</span>
<span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">*/</span>
<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">public</span> <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">static</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)"> BasicObject findByContent(String content) {
BasicObject basicObject </span>= <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">null</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">;
DBObject mOb </span>= dbCollection.findOne(<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">new</span> BasicObject("content"<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">, content));
</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">if</span>(<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">null</span> !=<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)"> mOb)
basicObject </span>= <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">new</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)"> BasicObject(mOb.toMap());
</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">return</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)"> basicObject;
}
</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">/**</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">
* 遍历全部
*
* </span><span style="color: rgba(128, 128, 128, 1)">@return</span>
<span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">*/</span>
<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">public</span> <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">static</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)"> DBCursor findAll() {
</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">return</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)"> dbCollection.find();
}
</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">public</span> <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">static</span> <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">void</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)"> remove(DBObject dbObject) {
dbCollection.remove(dbObject);
}
</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">/**</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">
* 关闭mongoclient
</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">*/</span>
<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">public</span> <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">static</span> <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">void</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)"> closeClient() {
</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">if</span>(<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">null</span> !=<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)"> mongoClient) {
mongoClient.close();
}
}
</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">public</span> <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">static</span> <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">void</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)"> dropDB() {
db.dropDatabase();
}
}
以上基本把我们需要的操作都加载该工具类中,
使用时像这样
System.out.println("==================findAll============================"); DBCursor dbCursor = DBUtil.findAll(); for (DBObject dbObject : dbCursor) {System.out.println(dbObject); } dbCursor.close(); System.out.println("=====================================================");