SSM框架——Spring+SpringMVC+Mybatis的搭建教程
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一：概述
SSM 框架在项目开发中经常使用到，相比于 SSH 框架，它在仅几年的开发中运用的更加广泛。
- Spring 作为一个轻量级的框架，有很多的拓展功能，最主要的我们一般项目使用的就是 IOC 和 AOP。
- SpringMVC 是 Spring 实现的一个 Web 层，相当于 Struts 的框架，但是比 Struts 更加灵活和强大！
- Mybatis 是 一个持久层的框架，在使用上相比 Hibernate 更加灵活，可以控制 sql 的编写，使用 XML 或注解进行相关的配置！
根据上面的描述，学习 SSM 框架就非常的重要了！
二：搭建一个 SSM 的过程
- 使用 Maven 管理项目
使用 Maven 在 Eclipse 中创建一个 webapp 的项目 ，具体的创建过程不做演示，如有不会创建的[创建项目]
也可以使用 Maven 命令进行创建，在 Dos 窗口进入指定的目录，执行下面命令：
mvn archetype:create -DgroupId=org.ssm.dufy -DartifactId=ssm-demo -DarchetypeArtifactId=maven-archetype-webapp -DinteractiveMode=false
使用命令要注意，系统安装了 Maven，并配置好了环境变量！[Maven 的安装和环境变量配置]
-
导入项目（命名创建），添加依赖
导入项目是 IDE 中，或者直接在 IDE 创建，一般默认有【src/main/java】，手动创建【src/test/resources】、【src/test/java】文件夹。如下项目结构：
然后直接配置 pom.xml 文件中的包依赖！
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>org.dufy</groupId>
<artifactId>ssm</artifactId>
<packaging>war</packaging>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>ssmDemo</name>
<url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
<properties>
<spring.version>4.0.5.RELEASE</spring.version>
<mybatis.version>3.2.1</mybatis.version>
<slf4j.version>1.6.6</slf4j.version>
<log4j.version>1.2.12</log4j.version>
<mysql.version>5.1.35</mysql.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<!-- 添加 Spring 依赖 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!--spring 单元测试依赖 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- spring webmvc 相关 jar -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- mysql 驱动包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>${mysql.version}</version>
</dependency>
<span class="hljs-comment"><!-- alibaba data source 相关jar包--></span>
<span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-name">dependency</span>></span>
<span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-name">groupId</span>></span>com.alibaba<span class="hljs-tag"></<span class="hljs-name">groupId</span>></span>
<span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-name">artifactId</span>></span>druid<span class="hljs-tag"></<span class="hljs-name">artifactId</span>></span>
<span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-name">version</span>></span>0.2.23<span class="hljs-tag"></<span class="hljs-name">version</span>></span>
<span class="hljs-tag"></<span class="hljs-name">dependency</span>></span>
<span class="hljs-comment"><!-- alibaba fastjson 格式化对 --></span>
<span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-name">dependency</span>></span>
<span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-name">groupId</span>></span>com.alibaba<span class="hljs-tag"></<span class="hljs-name">groupId</span>></span>
<span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-name">artifactId</span>></span>fastjson<span class="hljs-tag"></<span class="hljs-name">artifactId</span>></span>
<span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-name">version</span>></span>1.1.41<span class="hljs-tag"></<span class="hljs-name">version</span>></span>
<span class="hljs-tag"></<span class="hljs-name">dependency</span>></span>
<span class="hljs-comment"><!-- logback start --></span>
<span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-name">dependency</span>></span>
<span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-name">groupId</span>></span>log4j<span class="hljs-tag"></<span class="hljs-name">groupId</span>></span>
<span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-name">artifactId</span>></span>log4j<span class="hljs-tag"></<span class="hljs-name">artifactId</span>></span>
<span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-name">version</span>></span>${log4j.version}<span class="hljs-tag"></<span class="hljs-name">version</span>></span>
<span class="hljs-tag"></<span class="hljs-name">dependency</span>></span>
<span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-name">dependency</span>></span>
<span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-name">groupId</span>></span>org.slf4j<span class="hljs-tag"></<span class="hljs-name">groupId</span>></span>
<span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-name">artifactId</span>></span>slf4j-api<span class="hljs-tag"></<span class="hljs-name">artifactId</span>></span>
<span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-name">version</span>></span>${slf4j.version}<span class="hljs-tag"></<span class="hljs-name">version</span>></span>
<span class="hljs-tag"></<span class="hljs-name">dependency</span>></span>
<span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-name">dependency</span>></span>
<span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-name">groupId</span>></span>ch.qos.logback<span class="hljs-tag"></<span class="hljs-name">groupId</span>></span>
<span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-name">artifactId</span>></span>logback-classic<span class="hljs-tag"></<span class="hljs-name">artifactId</span>></span>
<span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-name">version</span>></span>1.1.2<span class="hljs-tag"></<span class="hljs-name">version</span>></span>
<span class="hljs-tag"></<span class="hljs-name">dependency</span>></span>
<span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-name">dependency</span>></span>
<span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-name">groupId</span>></span>ch.qos.logback<span class="hljs-tag"></<span class="hljs-name">groupId</span>></span>
<span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-name">artifactId</span>></span>logback-core<span class="hljs-tag"></<span class="hljs-name">artifactId</span>></span>
<span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-name">version</span>></span>1.1.2<span class="hljs-tag"></<span class="hljs-name">version</span>></span>
<span class="hljs-tag"></<span class="hljs-name">dependency</span>></span>
<span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-name">dependency</span>></span>
<span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-name">groupId</span>></span>org.logback-extensions<span class="hljs-tag"></<span class="hljs-name">groupId</span>></span>
<span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-name">artifactId</span>></span>logback-ext-spring<span class="hljs-tag"></<span class="hljs-name">artifactId</span>></span>
<span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-name">version</span>></span>0.1.1<span class="hljs-tag"></<span class="hljs-name">version</span>></span>
<span class="hljs-tag"></<span class="hljs-name">dependency</span>></span>
<span class="hljs-comment"><!--mybatis依赖 --></span>
<span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-name">dependency</span>></span>
<span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-name">groupId</span>></span>org.mybatis<span class="hljs-tag"></<span class="hljs-name">groupId</span>></span>
<span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-name">artifactId</span>></span>mybatis<span class="hljs-tag"></<span class="hljs-name">artifactId</span>></span>
<span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-name">version</span>></span>${mybatis.version}<span class="hljs-tag"></<span class="hljs-name">version</span>></span>
<span class="hljs-tag"></<span class="hljs-name">dependency</span>></span>
<span class="hljs-comment"><!-- mybatis/spring包 --></span>
<span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-name">dependency</span>></span>
<span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-name">groupId</span>></span>org.mybatis<span class="hljs-tag"></<span class="hljs-name">groupId</span>></span>
<span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-name">artifactId</span>></span>mybatis-spring<span class="hljs-tag"></<span class="hljs-name">artifactId</span>></span>
<span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-name">version</span>></span>1.2.0<span class="hljs-tag"></<span class="hljs-name">version</span>></span>
<span class="hljs-tag"></<span class="hljs-name">dependency</span>></span>
<!-- 添加 servlet3.0 核心包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>3.0.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet.jsp-api</artifactId>
<version>2.3.2-b01</version>
</dependency>
<!-- jstl -->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
<version>1.2</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 单元测试依赖 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>3.8.1</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<finalName>ssmDemo</finalName>
</build>
</project>
- 创建数据库和表，生成代码
创建数据库我参考别人的博客数据库设计，这块没有自己去书写，直接添上代码
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `user_t`;
CREATE TABLE user_t (
id int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
user_name varchar(40) NOT NULL,
password varchar(255) NOT NULL,
age int(4) NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (id)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=2 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
/*Data for the table user_t */
insert into user_t(id,user_name,password,age) values (1,'测试','sfasgfaf',24)
生成代码请查看：
生成的代码导入图片解释：
- Spring 和 mybatis 整合，连接数据库, 进行 Junit 测试
将生成的代码拷贝到项目中，然后进行 Spring 和 Mybatis 的整合，添加配置文件！
主要有
applicationContent.xml ：Spring 的相关配置！
Spring-mhbatis.xml ： Spring 和 Mybatis 集成配置！
jdbc.properties : 数据库信息配置！
logback.xml : 日志输出信息配置！（不做介绍，详细信息查看源码）
主要介绍 applicationContext.xml、Spring-mhbatis.xml、jdbc.properties。主要内容如下：
jdbc.properties
jdbc_driverClassName =com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc_url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ssm?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8
jdbc_username=root
jdbc_password=root
applicationContext.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.0.xsd
">
<!-- 1. 配置 jdbc 文件 -->
<bean id="propertyConfigurer" class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer">
<property name="locations" value="classpath:jdbc.properties"/>
</bean>
<span class="hljs-comment"><!-- 2.扫描的包路径，这里不扫描被@Controller注解的类 --></span><span class="hljs-comment"><!--使用<context:component-scan/> 可以不在配置<context:annotation-config/> --></span>
<span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-name">context:component-scan</span> <span class="hljs-attr">base-package</span>=<span class="hljs-string">"org.ssm.dufy"</span>></span>
<span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-name">context:exclude-filter</span> <span class="hljs-attr">type</span>=<span class="hljs-string">"annotation"</span> <span class="hljs-attr">expression</span>=<span class="hljs-string">"org.springframework.stereotype.Controller"</span>/></span>
<span class="hljs-tag"></<span class="hljs-name">context:component-scan</span>></span>
<span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-name">import</span> <span class="hljs-attr">resource</span>=<span class="hljs-string">"classpath:spring-mybatis.xml"</span> /></span>
</beans>
spring-mybatis.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.2.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.2.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.2.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.2.xsd">
<!-- 3. 配置数据源 ，使用的 alibba 的数据库 -->
<bean id="dataSource" class="com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource" init-method="init" destroy-method="close">
<!-- 基本属性 url、user、password -->
<property name="driverClassName" value="${jdbc_driverClassName}"/>
<property name="url" value="${jdbc_url}"/>
<property name="username" value="${jdbc_username}"/>
<property name="password" value="${jdbc_password}"/>
<span class="hljs-comment"><!-- 配置初始化大小、最小、最大 --></span>
<span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-name">property</span> <span class="hljs-attr">name</span>=<span class="hljs-string">"initialSize"</span> <span class="hljs-attr">value</span>=<span class="hljs-string">"10"</span>/></span>
<span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-name">property</span> <span class="hljs-attr">name</span>=<span class="hljs-string">"minIdle"</span> <span class="hljs-attr">value</span>=<span class="hljs-string">"10"</span>/></span>
<span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-name">property</span> <span class="hljs-attr">name</span>=<span class="hljs-string">"maxActive"</span> <span class="hljs-attr">value</span>=<span class="hljs-string">"50"</span>/></span>
<span class="hljs-comment"><!-- 配置获取连接等待超时的时间 --></span>
<span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-name">property</span> <span class="hljs-attr">name</span>=<span class="hljs-string">"maxWait"</span> <span class="hljs-attr">value</span>=<span class="hljs-string">"60000"</span>/></span>
<span class="hljs-comment"><!-- 配置间隔多久才进行一次检测，检测需要关闭的空闲连接，单位是毫秒 --></span>
<span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-name">property</span> <span class="hljs-attr">name</span>=<span class="hljs-string">"timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis"</span> <span class="hljs-attr">value</span>=<span class="hljs-string">"60000"</span> /></span>
<span class="hljs-comment"><!-- 配置一个连接在池中最小生存的时间，单位是毫秒 --></span>
<span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-name">property</span> <span class="hljs-attr">name</span>=<span class="hljs-string">"minEvictableIdleTimeMillis"</span> <span class="hljs-attr">value</span>=<span class="hljs-string">"300000"</span> /></span>
<span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-name">property</span> <span class="hljs-attr">name</span>=<span class="hljs-string">"validationQuery"</span> <span class="hljs-attr">value</span>=<span class="hljs-string">"SELECT 'x'"</span> /></span>
<span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-name">property</span> <span class="hljs-attr">name</span>=<span class="hljs-string">"testWhileIdle"</span> <span class="hljs-attr">value</span>=<span class="hljs-string">"true"</span> /></span>
<span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-name">property</span> <span class="hljs-attr">name</span>=<span class="hljs-string">"testOnBorrow"</span> <span class="hljs-attr">value</span>=<span class="hljs-string">"false"</span> /></span>
<span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-name">property</span> <span class="hljs-attr">name</span>=<span class="hljs-string">"testOnReturn"</span> <span class="hljs-attr">value</span>=<span class="hljs-string">"false"</span> /></span>
<span class="hljs-comment"><!-- 打开PSCache，并且指定每个连接上PSCache的大小 如果用Oracle，则把poolPreparedStatements配置为true，mysql可以配置为false。--></span>
<span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-name">property</span> <span class="hljs-attr">name</span>=<span class="hljs-string">"poolPreparedStatements"</span> <span class="hljs-attr">value</span>=<span class="hljs-string">"false"</span> /></span>
<span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-name">property</span> <span class="hljs-attr">name</span>=<span class="hljs-string">"maxPoolPreparedStatementPerConnectionSize"</span> <span class="hljs-attr">value</span>=<span class="hljs-string">"20"</span> /></span>
<span class="hljs-comment"><!-- 配置监控统计拦截的filters --></span>
<span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-name">property</span> <span class="hljs-attr">name</span>=<span class="hljs-string">"filters"</span> <span class="hljs-attr">value</span>=<span class="hljs-string">"wall,stat"</span> /></span>
<span class="hljs-tag"></<span class="hljs-name">bean</span>></span>
<span class="hljs-comment"><!-- spring和MyBatis完美整合，不需要mybatis的配置映射文件 --></span>
<span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-name">bean</span> <span class="hljs-attr">id</span>=<span class="hljs-string">"sqlSessionFactory"</span> <span class="hljs-attr">class</span>=<span class="hljs-string">"org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean"</span>></span>
<span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-name">property</span> <span class="hljs-attr">name</span>=<span class="hljs-string">"dataSource"</span> <span class="hljs-attr">ref</span>=<span class="hljs-string">"dataSource"</span> /></span>
<span class="hljs-comment"><!-- 自动扫描mapping.xml文件 --></span>
<span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-name">property</span> <span class="hljs-attr">name</span>=<span class="hljs-string">"mapperLocations"</span> <span class="hljs-attr">value</span>=<span class="hljs-string">"classpath:org/ssm/dufy/mapper/*.xml"</span>></span><span class="hljs-tag"></<span class="hljs-name">property</span>></span>
<span class="hljs-tag"></<span class="hljs-name">bean</span>></span>
<span class="hljs-comment"><!-- DAO接口所在包名，Spring会自动查找其下的类 ,自动扫描了所有的XxxxMapper.xml对应的mapper接口文件,只要Mapper接口类和Mapper映射文件对应起来就可以了--></span>
<span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-name">bean</span> <span class="hljs-attr">class</span>=<span class="hljs-string">"org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer"</span>></span>
<span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-name">property</span> <span class="hljs-attr">name</span>=<span class="hljs-string">"basePackage"</span> <span class="hljs-attr">value</span>=<span class="hljs-string">"org.ssm.dufy.dao"</span> /></span>
<span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-name">property</span> <span class="hljs-attr">name</span>=<span class="hljs-string">"sqlSessionFactoryBeanName"</span> <span class="hljs-attr">value</span>=<span class="hljs-string">"sqlSessionFactory"</span>></span><span class="hljs-tag"></<span class="hljs-name">property</span>></span>
<span class="hljs-tag"></<span class="hljs-name">bean</span>></span>
<span class="hljs-comment"><!-- (事务管理)transaction manager, use JtaTransactionManager for global tx --></span>
<!-- 配置事务管理器 -->
<bean id="transactionManager"
class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
</bean>
<span class="hljs-comment"><!--======= 事务配置 End =================== --></span>
<span class="hljs-comment"><!-- 配置基于注解的声明式事务 --></span>
<span class="hljs-comment"><!-- enables scanning for @Transactional annotations --></span>
<span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-name">tx:annotation-driven</span> <span class="hljs-attr">transaction-manager</span>=<span class="hljs-string">"transactionManager"</span> /></span>
</beans>
测试代码，两种方式：
测试 1：
package org.ssm.dufy.service;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;
import org.ssm.dufy.entity.User;
/**
-
配置 spring 和 junit 整合，junit 启动时加载 springIOC 容器 spring-test,junit
*/
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
// 告诉 junit spring 配置文件
@ContextConfiguration({"classpath:applicationContext.xml"})
public class IUserServiceTest {
@Autowired
public IUserService userService;
@Test
public void getUserByIdTest(){
<span class="hljs-type">User</span> <span class="hljs-variable">user</span> <span class="hljs-operator">=</span> userService.getUserById(<span class="hljs-number">1</span>);
System.out.println(user.getUserName());
}
}
测试 2：
package org.ssm.dufy.service;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
import org.ssm.dufy.entity.User;
public class IUserServiceTest2 {
<span class="hljs-keyword">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">static</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">void</span> <span class="hljs-title function_">main</span><span class="hljs-params">(String[] args)</span> {
<span class="hljs-type">ApplicationContext</span> <span class="hljs-variable">application</span> <span class="hljs-operator">=</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">new</span> <span class="hljs-title class_">ClassPathXmlApplicationContext</span>(<span class="hljs-string">"applicationContext.xml"</span>);
<span class="hljs-type">IUserService</span> <span class="hljs-variable">uService</span> <span class="hljs-operator">=</span> (IUserService) application.getBean(<span class="hljs-string">"userService"</span>);
<span class="hljs-type">User</span> <span class="hljs-variable">user</span> <span class="hljs-operator">=</span> uService.getUserById(<span class="hljs-number">1</span>);
System.out.println(user.getUserName());
}
}
5：整合 SpringMVC，添加配置，创建 jsp
SpringMVC 需要的依赖在 pom.xml 中已经加上了，现在需在 Web 项目中的 web.xml 中添加启动 SpringMVC 启动配置和 Spring 整合 SpringMVC 的配置了。
新增如下两个文件：
spring-mvc.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.2.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.2.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.2.xsd">
<span class="hljs-comment"><!-- 扫描controller（controller层注入） --></span>
<context:component-scan base-package="org.ssm.dufy.web" use-default-filters="false">
<context:include-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller"/>
</context:component-scan>
<span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-name">mvc:annotation-driven</span> /></span>
<span class="hljs-comment"><!-- 内容协商管理器 --></span>
<span class="hljs-comment"><!--1、首先检查路径扩展名（如my.pdf）；2、其次检查Parameter（如my?format=pdf）；3、检查Accept Header--></span>
<span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-name">bean</span> <span class="hljs-attr">id</span>=<span class="hljs-string">"contentNegotiationManager"</span> <span class="hljs-attr">class</span>=<span class="hljs-string">"org.springframework.web.accept.ContentNegotiationManagerFactoryBean"</span>></span>
<span class="hljs-comment"><!-- 扩展名至mimeType的映射,即 /user.json => application/json --></span>
<span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-name">property</span> <span class="hljs-attr">name</span>=<span class="hljs-string">"favorPathExtension"</span> <span class="hljs-attr">value</span>=<span class="hljs-string">"true"</span>/></span>
<span class="hljs-comment"><!-- 用于开启 /userinfo/123?format=json 的支持 --></span>
<span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-name">property</span> <span class="hljs-attr">name</span>=<span class="hljs-string">"favorParameter"</span> <span class="hljs-attr">value</span>=<span class="hljs-string">"true"</span>/></span>
<span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-name">property</span> <span class="hljs-attr">name</span>=<span class="hljs-string">"parameterName"</span> <span class="hljs-attr">value</span>=<span class="hljs-string">"format"</span>/></span>
<span class="hljs-comment"><!-- 是否忽略Accept Header --></span>
<span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-name">property</span> <span class="hljs-attr">name</span>=<span class="hljs-string">"ignoreAcceptHeader"</span> <span class="hljs-attr">value</span>=<span class="hljs-string">"false"</span>/></span>
<span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-name">property</span> <span class="hljs-attr">name</span>=<span class="hljs-string">"mediaTypes"</span>></span> <span class="hljs-comment"><!--扩展名到MIME的映射；favorPathExtension, favorParameter是true时起作用 --></span>
<span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-name">value</span>></span>
json=application/json
xml=application/xml
html=text/html
<span class="hljs-tag"></<span class="hljs-name">value</span>></span>
<span class="hljs-tag"></<span class="hljs-name">property</span>></span>
<span class="hljs-comment"><!-- 默认的content type --></span>
<span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-name">property</span> <span class="hljs-attr">name</span>=<span class="hljs-string">"defaultContentType"</span> <span class="hljs-attr">value</span>=<span class="hljs-string">"text/html"</span>/></span>
<span class="hljs-tag"></<span class="hljs-name">bean</span>></span>
<span class="hljs-comment"><!-- 当在web.xml 中 DispatcherServlet使用 <url-pattern>/</url-pattern> 映射时，能映射静态资源 --></span>
<span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-name">mvc:default-servlet-handler</span> /></span>
<span class="hljs-comment"><!-- 静态资源映射 --></span>
<span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-name">mvc:resources</span> <span class="hljs-attr">mapping</span>=<span class="hljs-string">"/static/**"</span> <span class="hljs-attr">location</span>=<span class="hljs-string">"/WEB-INF/static/"</span>/></span>
<!-- 对模型视图添加前后缀 -->
<bean id="viewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"
p:prefix="/WEB-INF/jsp/" p:suffix=".jsp"/>
</beans>
web.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app>
<display-name>SSM-DEMO</display-name>
<!-- 读取 spring 配置文件 -->
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
<span class="hljs-comment"><!-- 设计路径变量值
<context-param>
<param-name>webAppRootKey</param-name>
<param-value>springmvc.root</param-value>
</context-param>
--></span>
<span class="hljs-comment"><!-- Spring字符集过滤器 --></span>
<span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-name">filter</span>></span>
<span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-name">filter-name</span>></span>SpringEncodingFilter<span class="hljs-tag"></<span class="hljs-name">filter-name</span>></span>
<span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-name">filter-class</span>></span>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter<span class="hljs-tag"></<span class="hljs-name">filter-class</span>></span>
<span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-name">init-param</span>></span>
<span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-name">param-name</span>></span>encoding<span class="hljs-tag"></<span class="hljs-name">param-name</span>></span>
<span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-name">param-value</span>></span>UTF-8<span class="hljs-tag"></<span class="hljs-name">param-value</span>></span>
<span class="hljs-tag"></<span class="hljs-name">init-param</span>></span>
<span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-name">init-param</span>></span>
<span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-name">param-name</span>></span>forceEncoding<span class="hljs-tag"></<span class="hljs-name">param-name</span>></span>
<span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-name">param-value</span>></span>true<span class="hljs-tag"></<span class="hljs-name">param-value</span>></span>
<span class="hljs-tag"></<span class="hljs-name">init-param</span>></span>
<span class="hljs-tag"></<span class="hljs-name">filter</span>></span>
<span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-name">filter-mapping</span>></span>
<span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-name">filter-name</span>></span>SpringEncodingFilter<span class="hljs-tag"></<span class="hljs-name">filter-name</span>></span>
<span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-name">url-pattern</span>></span>/*<span class="hljs-tag"></<span class="hljs-name">url-pattern</span>></span>
<span class="hljs-tag"></<span class="hljs-name">filter-mapping</span>></span>
<span class="hljs-comment"><!-- 添加日志监听器 --></span>
<span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-name">context-param</span>></span>
<span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-name">param-name</span>></span>logbackConfigLocation<span class="hljs-tag"></<span class="hljs-name">param-name</span>></span>
<span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-name">param-value</span>></span>classpath:logback.xml<span class="hljs-tag"></<span class="hljs-name">param-value</span>></span>
<span class="hljs-tag"></<span class="hljs-name">context-param</span>></span>
<span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-name">listener</span>></span>
<span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-name">listener-class</span>></span>ch.qos.logback.ext.spring.web.LogbackConfigListener<span class="hljs-tag"></<span class="hljs-name">listener-class</span>></span>
<span class="hljs-tag"></<span class="hljs-name">listener</span>></span>
<span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-name">listener</span>></span>
<span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-name">listener-class</span>></span>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener<span class="hljs-tag"></<span class="hljs-name">listener-class</span>></span>
<span class="hljs-tag"></<span class="hljs-name">listener</span>></span>
<span class="hljs-comment"><!-- springMVC核心配置 --></span>
<span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-name">servlet</span>></span>
<span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-name">servlet-name</span>></span>dispatcherServlet<span class="hljs-tag"></<span class="hljs-name">servlet-name</span>></span>
<span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-name">servlet-class</span>></span>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet<span class="hljs-tag"></<span class="hljs-name">servlet-class</span>></span>
<span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-name">init-param</span>></span>
<span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-name">param-name</span>></span>contextConfigLocation<span class="hljs-tag"></<span class="hljs-name">param-name</span>></span>
<span class="hljs-comment"><!--spingMVC的配置路径 --></span>
<span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-name">param-value</span>></span>classpath:spring-mvc.xml<span class="hljs-tag"></<span class="hljs-name">param-value</span>></span>
<span class="hljs-tag"></<span class="hljs-name">init-param</span>></span>
<span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-name">load-on-startup</span>></span>1<span class="hljs-tag"></<span class="hljs-name">load-on-startup</span>></span>
<span class="hljs-tag"></<span class="hljs-name">servlet</span>></span>
<span class="hljs-comment"><!-- 拦截设置 --></span>
<span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-name">servlet-mapping</span>></span>
<span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-name">servlet-name</span>></span>dispatcherServlet<span class="hljs-tag"></<span class="hljs-name">servlet-name</span>></span>
<span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-name">url-pattern</span>></span>/<span class="hljs-tag"></<span class="hljs-name">url-pattern</span>></span>
<span class="hljs-tag"></<span class="hljs-name">servlet-mapping</span>></span>
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
</web-app>
新增 index.jsp 文件
<%@ page contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8"%>
<!doctype html>
<html>
<body>
<h2>Hello World!</h2>
</body>
</html>
6. 启动 web 服务，测试
将上面的项目添加到 Tomcat 中，启动，控制台没有报错，并在地址栏访问，http://localhost:8080/ssm。页面显示 Hello World! 项目配置 ok！
7：编写 Controller，和对应得业务界面
新增 UserController ，通过参数传递 uid 获取用户，若用户存在，跳转到 showName.jsp ，若用户不存在，则跳转到 error.jsp, 并返回提示信息！
package org.ssm.dufy.web;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
import org.ssm.dufy.entity.User;
import org.ssm.dufy.service.IUserService;
@Controller
public class UserController {
<span class="hljs-meta">@Autowired</span>
<span class="hljs-keyword">private</span> IUserService userService;
<span class="hljs-meta">@RequestMapping(value=<span class="hljs-string">"/showname"</span>,method=RequestMethod.GET)</span>
<span class="hljs-keyword">public</span> String showUserName(<span class="hljs-meta">@RequestParam(<span class="hljs-string">"uid"</span>)</span> int uid,HttpServletRequest request,Model model){
System.<span class="hljs-keyword">out</span>.println(<span class="hljs-string">"showname"</span>);
User user = userService.getUserById(uid);
<span class="hljs-keyword">if</span>(user != <span class="hljs-literal">null</span>){
request.setAttribute(<span class="hljs-string">"name"</span>, user.getUserName());
model.addAttribute(<span class="hljs-string">"mame"</span>, user.getUserName());
<span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> <span class="hljs-string">"showName"</span>;
}
request.setAttribute(<span class="hljs-string">"error"</span>, <span class="hljs-string">"没有找到该用户！"</span>);
<span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> <span class="hljs-string">"error"</span>;
}
}
Jsp 内容如下：
showName.jsp
<%@ page contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8"%>
<!doctype html>
<html>
<head>
<title>show name</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Welcome</h1> ${name }<h1>访问此页面</h1>
</body>
</html>
error.jsp
<%@ page contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8"%>
<!doctype html>
<html>
<head>
<title>error page</title>
</head>
<body>
<h2> ${error } </h2>
</body>
</html>
三：遇到的问题
1: 找不到 UserService，报错
可能是包扫描路径的问题，检查一下 Service 是否在扫描的范围内
2：jsp 接收不到 request.setAttribute("",""); 内容
查资料说是因为 JSP 的版本问题，可以在 Jsp 上面添加 <%@ page isELIgnored="false" %>
或者修改 web.xml , 添加 version 版本！
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd"
id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0" metadata-complete="true">
四：心得总结
或许这些都是站在别人的基础的搭建的，但是看一篇 SSM 的搭建文章可能很快，看完觉得自己懂了，但是我建议一定要自己去搭建一次，看一遍，和动手做一遍完全是两个概念！
五：参考文章
SSM 框架——详细整合教程（Spring+SpringMVC+MyBatis）
附：
项目源代码：
https://github.com/dufyun/learn-tech-collection/tree/master/ssm
欢迎访问我的 csdn 博客，我们一同成长！
"不管做什么，只要坚持下去就会看到不一样！在路上，不卑不亢!"
http://blog.csdn.net/u010648555