Spring Boot(九):定时任务

在我们开发项目过程中,经常需要定时任务来帮助我们来做一些内容, Spring Boot 默认已经帮我们实行了,只需要添加相应的注解就可以实现

1、pom 包配置

pom 包里面只需要引入 Spring Boot Starter 包即可

<dependencies>
	<dependency>
		<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
		<artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
	</dependency>
	<dependency>
		<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
		<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
		<scope>test</scope>
	</dependency>
</dependencies>

2、启动类启用定时

在启动类上面加上@EnableScheduling即可开启定时

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableScheduling
public class Application {
<span class="hljs-keyword">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">static</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">void</span> <span class="hljs-title function_">main</span><span class="hljs-params">(String[] args)</span> {
	SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args);
}

}

3、创建定时任务实现类

定时任务 1:

@Component
public class SchedulerTask {
<span class="hljs-keyword">private</span> <span class="hljs-type">int</span> count=<span class="hljs-number">0</span>;

<span class="hljs-meta">@Scheduled(cron="*/6 * * * * ?")</span>
<span class="hljs-keyword">private</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">void</span> <span class="hljs-title function_">process</span><span class="hljs-params">()</span>{
    System.out.println(<span class="hljs-string">"this is scheduler task runing  "</span>+(count++));
}

}

定时任务 2:

@Component
public class Scheduler2Task {
<span class="hljs-keyword">private</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">static</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">final</span> <span class="hljs-type">SimpleDateFormat</span> <span class="hljs-variable">dateFormat</span> <span class="hljs-operator">=</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">new</span> <span class="hljs-title class_">SimpleDateFormat</span>(<span class="hljs-string">"HH🇲🇲ss"</span>);

<span class="hljs-meta">@Scheduled(fixedRate = 6000)</span>
<span class="hljs-keyword">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">void</span> <span class="hljs-title function_">reportCurrentTime</span><span class="hljs-params">()</span> {
    System.out.println(<span class="hljs-string">"现在时间:"</span> + dateFormat.format(<span class="hljs-keyword">new</span> <span class="hljs-title class_">Date</span>()));
}

}

结果如下:

this is scheduler task runing  0
现在时间:09:44:17
this is scheduler task runing  1
现在时间:09:44:23
this is scheduler task runing  2
现在时间:09:44:29
this is scheduler task runing  3
现在时间:09:44:35

参数说明

@Scheduled 参数可以接受两种定时的设置,一种是我们常用的cron="*/6 * * * * ?", 一种是 fixedRate = 6000,两种都表示每隔六秒打印一下内容。

fixedRate 说明

  • @Scheduled(fixedRate = 6000) :上一次开始执行时间点之后 6 秒再执行
  • @Scheduled(fixedDelay = 6000) :上一次执行完毕时间点之后 6 秒再执行
  • @Scheduled(initialDelay=1000, fixedRate=6000) :第一次延迟 1 秒后执行,之后按 fixedRate 的规则每 6 秒执行一次

文章内容已经升级到 Spring Boot 2.x

示例代码 -github

示例代码 - 码云