spring-boot-2.0.3之quartz集成，不是你想的那样哦！
开心一刻
晚上回家，爸妈正在吵架，见我回来就都不说话了
看见我妈坐在那里瞪着我爸，我就问老爸：“你干什么了惹我妈生这么大气?”
我爸说：“没有什么啊，倒是你，这么大了还没有媳妇，要是你有媳妇给我们生一个孙子玩，我们至于吵架吗？”
我一听就感觉要坏，老爸你这是来了一招调虎离山啊，实力坑儿子啊
果然我妈改瞪我了，然后完全不理我爸，直接指着我开骂了……
java 定时任务调度的实现方式
Timer
这个相信大家都有用过，我也用过，但用的不多；
特点是：简单易用，但由于所有任务都是由同一个线程来调度，因此所有任务都是串行执行的，同一时间只能有一个任务在执行，前一个任务的延迟或异常都将会影响到之后的任务；能实现简单的定时任务，稍微复杂点（或要求高一些）的定时任务却不好实现。
ScheduledExecutor
这个我相信大家也都用过，而且用的比 Timer 多；正是鉴于 Timer 的缺陷，Java 5 推出了基于线程池设计的 ScheduledExecutor；
特点：每一个被调度的任务都会由线程池中一个线程去执行，因此任务是并发执行的，相互之间不会受到干扰。需要注意的是，只有当任务的执行时间到来时，ScheduedExecutor 才会真正启动一个线程，其余时间 ScheduledExecutor 都是在轮询任务的状态。
虽然用 ScheduledExecutor 和 Calendar 能够实现复杂任务调度，但实现起来还是比较麻烦，对开发还是不够友善。
Spring Scheduler
spring 对任务调度的实现支持，可以指定任务的执行时间，但对任务队列和线程池的管控较弱；一般集成于项目中，小任务很方便。
JCronTab
JCronTab 则是一款完全按照 crontab 语法编写的 java 任务调度工具。
特点：
可指定任务的执行时间；
提供完全按照 Unix 的 UNIX-POSIX crontab 的格式来规定时间；
支持多种任务调度的持久化方法，包括普通文件、数据库以及 XML 文件进行持久化；
JCronTab 内置了发邮件功能，可以将任务执行结果方便地发送给需要被通知的人；
设计和部署是高性能并可扩展。
Quartz
本文主角，请往下看
当然还有 XXL-JOB、Elastic-Job、Saturn、dolphinscheduler 等等
quartz 相关概念
Scheduler：调度器，进行任务调度；quartz 的大脑
Job：业务 job，亦可称业务组件；定时任务的具体执行业务需要实现此接口，调度器会调用此接口的 execute 方法完成我们的定时业务
JobDetail：用来定义业务 Job 的实例，我们可以称之为 quartz job，很多时候我们谈到的 job 指的是 JobDetail
Trigger：触发器，用来定义一个指定的 Job 何时被执行
JobBuilder：Job 构建器，用来定义或创建 JobDetail 的实例；JobDetail 限定了只能是 Job 的实例
TriggerBuilder：触发器构建器，用来定义或创建触发器的实例
具体为什么要分这么细，大家可以去查阅下相关资料，你会发现很多东西
工程实现
pom.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion><groupId>com.lee</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-quartz</artifactId> <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version> <properties> <java.version>1.8</java.version> <maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source> <maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target> <druid.version>1.1.10</druid.version> <pagehelper.version>1.2.5</pagehelper.version> <druid.version>1.1.10</druid.version> </properties> <parent> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId> <version>2.0.3.RELEASE</version> </parent> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-quartz</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId> <artifactId>druid-spring-boot-starter</artifactId> <version>${druid.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>mysql</groupId> <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.github.pagehelper</groupId> <artifactId>pagehelper-spring-boot-starter</artifactId> <version>${pagehelper.version}</version> </dependency> <!-- 日志 --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-logging</artifactId> <exclusions> <!-- 排除spring-boot-starter-logging中的全部依赖 --> <exclusion> <groupId>*</groupId> <artifactId>*</artifactId> </exclusion> </exclusions> <scope>test</scope> <!-- 打包的时候不打spring-boot-starter-logging.jar --> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId> <artifactId>logback-classic</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId> <artifactId>lombok</artifactId> <optional><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">true</span></optional> </dependency> </dependencies> <build> <finalName>spring-boot-quartz</finalName> <plugins> <!-- 打包项目 mvn clean <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">package</span> --> <plugin> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId> </plugin> </plugins> </build></project>
application.xml
server: port: 9001 servlet: context-path: /quartz spring: thymeleaf: mode: HTML cache: false #连接池配置 datasource: type: com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource druid: driver-class-name: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/spring-boot-quartz?useSSL=false&useUnicode=true username: root password: 123456 initial-size: 1 #连接池初始大小 max-active: 20 #连接池中最大的活跃连接数 min-idle: 1 #连接池中最小的活跃连接数 max-wait: 60000 #配置获取连接等待超时的时间 pool-prepared-statements: true #打开 PSCache，并且指定每个连接上 PSCache 的大小 max-pool-prepared-statement-per-connection-size: 20 validation-query: SELECT 1 FROM DUAL validation-query-timeout: 30000 test-on-borrow: false #是否在获得连接后检测其可用性 test-on-return: false #是否在连接放回连接池后检测其可用性 test-while-idle: true #是否在连接空闲一段时间后检测其可用性 quartz: #相关属性配置 properties: org: quartz: scheduler: instanceName: quartzScheduler instanceId: AUTO jobStore: class: org.quartz.impl.jdbcjobstore.JobStoreTX driverDelegateClass: org.quartz.impl.jdbcjobstore.StdJDBCDelegate tablePrefix: QRTZ_ isClustered: false clusterCheckinInterval: 10000 useProperties: false threadPool: class: org.quartz.simpl.SimpleThreadPool threadCount: 10 threadPriority: 5 threadsInheritContextClassLoaderOfInitializingThread: true #数据库方式 job-store-type: JDBC #初始化表结构 jdbc: initialize-schema: NEVER #mybatis 配置 mybatis: type-aliases-package: com.lee.quartz.entity mapper-locations: classpath:mybatis/mapper/*.xml #分页配置, pageHelper 是物理分页插件 pagehelper: #4.0.0 以后版本可以不设置该参数，该示例中是 5.1.4 helper-dialect: mysql #启用合理化，如果 pageNum<1 会查询第一页，如果 pageNum>pages 会查询最后一页 reasonable: true logging: level: com.lee.quartz.mapper: debug
这样，quartz 就配置好了，应用里面直接用即可
JobController.java
package com.lee.quartz.web;import com.github.pagehelper.PageInfo;
import com.lee.quartz.common.Result;
import com.lee.quartz.entity.QuartzJob;
import com.lee.quartz.service.IJobService;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;@RestController
@RequestMapping("/job")
public class JobController {
private final static Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(JobController.class);@Autowired </span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">private</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)"> IJobService jobService; @SuppressWarnings({ </span>"unchecked", "rawtypes"<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)"> }) @PostMapping(</span>"/add"<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">) </span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">public</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)"> Result save(QuartzJob quartz){ LOGGER.info(</span>"新增任务"<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">); Result result </span>=<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)"> jobService.saveJob(quartz); </span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">return</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)"> result; } @PostMapping(</span>"/list"<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">) </span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">public</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)"> PageInfo list(String jobName,Integer pageNo,Integer pageSize){ LOGGER.info(</span>"任务列表"<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">); PageInfo pageInfo </span>=<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)"> jobService.listQuartzJob(jobName, pageNo, pageSize); </span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">return</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)"> pageInfo; } @PostMapping(</span>"/trigger"<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">) </span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">public</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)"> Result trigger(String jobName, String jobGroup) { LOGGER.info(</span>"触发任务"<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">); Result result </span>=<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)"> jobService.triggerJob(jobName, jobGroup); </span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">return</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)"> result; } @PostMapping(</span>"/pause"<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">) </span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">public</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)"> Result pause(String jobName, String jobGroup) { LOGGER.info(</span>"停止任务"<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">); Result result </span>=<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)"> jobService.pauseJob(jobName, jobGroup); </span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">return</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)"> result; } @PostMapping(</span>"/resume"<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">) </span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">public</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)"> Result resume(String jobName, String jobGroup) { LOGGER.info(</span>"恢复任务"<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">); Result result </span>=<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)"> jobService.resumeJob(jobName, jobGroup); </span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">return</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)"> result; } @PostMapping(</span>"/remove"<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">) </span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">public</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)"> Result remove(String jobName, String jobGroup) { LOGGER.info(</span>"移除任务"<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">); Result result </span>=<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)"> jobService.removeJob(jobName, jobGroup); </span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">return</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)"> result; }}
JobServiceImpl.java
package com.lee.quartz.service.impl;import com.github.pagehelper.PageHelper;
import com.github.pagehelper.PageInfo;
import com.lee.quartz.common.Result;
import com.lee.quartz.entity.QuartzJob;
import com.lee.quartz.mapper.JobMapper;
import com.lee.quartz.service.IJobService;
import org.quartz.*;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;import java.util.List;
@Service
public class JobServiceImpl implements IJobService {@Autowired </span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">private</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)"> Scheduler scheduler; @Autowired </span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">private</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)"> JobMapper jobMapper; @Override </span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">public</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)"> PageInfo listQuartzJob(String jobName, Integer pageNum, Integer pageSize) { PageHelper.startPage(pageNum, pageSize); List</span><QuartzJob> jobList =<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)"> jobMapper.listJob(jobName); PageInfo pageInfo </span>= <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">new</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)"> PageInfo(jobList); </span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">return</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)"> pageInfo; } @Override </span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">public</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)"> Result saveJob(QuartzJob quartz){ </span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">try</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)"> { </span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">//</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">如果是修改 展示旧的 任务</span> <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">if</span>(quartz.getOldJobGroup() != <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">null</span> && !""<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">.equals(quartz.getOldJobGroup())){ JobKey key </span>= <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">new</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)"> JobKey(quartz.getOldJobName(),quartz.getOldJobGroup()); scheduler.deleteJob(key); } </span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">//</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">构建job信息</span> Class cls =<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)"> Class.forName(quartz.getJobClassName()) ; cls.newInstance(); JobDetail job </span>=<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)"> JobBuilder.newJob(cls).withIdentity(quartz.getJobName(), quartz.getJobGroup()) .withDescription(quartz.getDescription()).build(); </span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">//</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)"> 触发时间点</span> CronScheduleBuilder cronScheduleBuilder =<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)"> CronScheduleBuilder.cronSchedule(quartz.getCronExpression().trim()); Trigger trigger </span>= TriggerBuilder.newTrigger().withIdentity("trigger"+<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">quartz.getJobName(), quartz.getJobGroup()) .startNow().withSchedule(cronScheduleBuilder).build(); </span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">//</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">交由Scheduler安排触发</span>scheduler.scheduleJob(job, trigger);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return Result.error();
}
return Result.ok();
}@Override </span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">public</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)"> Result triggerJob(String jobName, String jobGroup) { JobKey key </span>= <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">new</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)"> JobKey(jobName,jobGroup); </span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">try</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)"> { scheduler.triggerJob(key); } </span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">catch</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)"> (SchedulerException e) { e.printStackTrace(); </span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">return</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)"> Result.error(); } </span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">return</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)"> Result.ok(); } @Override </span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">public</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)"> Result pauseJob(String jobName, String jobGroup) { JobKey key </span>= <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">new</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)"> JobKey(jobName,jobGroup); </span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">try</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)"> { scheduler.pauseJob(key); } </span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">catch</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)"> (SchedulerException e) { e.printStackTrace(); </span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">return</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)"> Result.error(); } </span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">return</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)"> Result.ok(); } @Override </span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">public</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)"> Result resumeJob(String jobName, String jobGroup) { JobKey key </span>= <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">new</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)"> JobKey(jobName,jobGroup); </span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">try</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)"> { scheduler.resumeJob(key); } </span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">catch</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)"> (SchedulerException e) { e.printStackTrace(); </span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">return</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)"> Result.error(); } </span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">return</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)"> Result.ok(); } @Override </span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">public</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)"> Result removeJob(String jobName, String jobGroup) { </span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">try</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)"> { TriggerKey triggerKey </span>=<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)"> TriggerKey.triggerKey(jobName, jobGroup); </span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">//</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)"> 停止触发器</span>scheduler.pauseTrigger(triggerKey);
// 移除触发器
scheduler.unscheduleJob(triggerKey);
// 删除任务
scheduler.deleteJob(JobKey.jobKey(jobName, jobGroup));
System.out.println("removeJob:"+JobKey.jobKey(jobName));
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return Result.error();
}
return Result.ok();
}
}
主要就是以上文件，详情请查看spring-boot-quartz
工程里面数据源用的 druid，springboot 默认也会将该数据源应用到 quartz，如果想给 quartz 单独配置数据源，可配合 @QuartzDataSource 来实现（更多 quarz 数据源问题，请查看spring-boot-2.0.3 之 quartz 集成，数据源问题，源码探究）
最终效果如下
trigger 状态
org.quartz.impl.jdbcjobstore.Constants 中存放了一些列的常量，源代码如下
/* * All content copyright Terracotta, Inc., unless otherwise indicated. All rights reserved. * * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not * use this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain a copy * of the License at * * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 * * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT * WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the * License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations * under the License. * */package org.quartz.impl.jdbcjobstore;
/**
-
<p>
-
This interface can be implemented by any <code>{@link
-
org.quartz.impl.jdbcjobstore.DriverDelegate}</code>
-
class that needs to use the constants contained herein.
-
</p>
-
@author <a href="mailto:jeff@binaryfeed.org">Jeffrey Wescott</a>
-
@author James House
*/
public interface Constants {/*
-
- Constants.
-
*/
// Table names
String TABLE_JOB_DETAILS = "JOB_DETAILS";String TABLE_TRIGGERS = "TRIGGERS";
String TABLE_SIMPLE_TRIGGERS = "SIMPLE_TRIGGERS";
String TABLE_CRON_TRIGGERS = "CRON_TRIGGERS";
String TABLE_BLOB_TRIGGERS = "BLOB_TRIGGERS";
String TABLE_FIRED_TRIGGERS = "FIRED_TRIGGERS";
String TABLE_CALENDARS = "CALENDARS";
String TABLE_PAUSED_TRIGGERS = "PAUSED_TRIGGER_GRPS";
String TABLE_LOCKS = "LOCKS";
String TABLE_SCHEDULER_STATE = "SCHEDULER_STATE";
// TABLE_JOB_DETAILS columns names
-
String COL_JOB_NAME </span>= "JOB_NAME"<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">;
String COL_JOB_GROUP </span>= "JOB_GROUP"<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">;
String COL_IS_DURABLE </span>= "IS_DURABLE"<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">;
String COL_IS_VOLATILE </span>= "IS_VOLATILE"<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">;
String COL_IS_NONCONCURRENT </span>= "IS_NONCONCURRENT"<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">;
String COL_IS_UPDATE_DATA </span>= "IS_UPDATE_DATA"<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">;
String COL_REQUESTS_RECOVERY </span>= "REQUESTS_RECOVERY"<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">;
String COL_JOB_DATAMAP </span>= "JOB_DATA"<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">;
String COL_JOB_CLASS </span>= "JOB_CLASS_NAME"<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">;
String COL_DESCRIPTION </span>= "DESCRIPTION"<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">;
</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">//</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)"> TABLE_TRIGGERS columns names</span>
String COL_TRIGGER_NAME = "TRIGGER_NAME"<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">;
String COL_TRIGGER_GROUP </span>= "TRIGGER_GROUP"<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">;
String COL_NEXT_FIRE_TIME </span>= "NEXT_FIRE_TIME"<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">;
String COL_PREV_FIRE_TIME </span>= "PREV_FIRE_TIME"<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">;
String COL_TRIGGER_STATE </span>= "TRIGGER_STATE"<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">;
String COL_TRIGGER_TYPE </span>= "TRIGGER_TYPE"<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">;
String COL_START_TIME </span>= "START_TIME"<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">;
String COL_END_TIME </span>= "END_TIME"<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">;
String COL_PRIORITY </span>= "PRIORITY"<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">;
String COL_MISFIRE_INSTRUCTION </span>= "MISFIRE_INSTR"<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">;
String ALIAS_COL_NEXT_FIRE_TIME </span>= "ALIAS_NXT_FR_TM"<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">;
</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">//</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)"> TABLE_SIMPLE_TRIGGERS columns names</span>
String COL_REPEAT_COUNT = "REPEAT_COUNT"<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">;
String COL_REPEAT_INTERVAL </span>= "REPEAT_INTERVAL"<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">;
String COL_TIMES_TRIGGERED </span>= "TIMES_TRIGGERED"<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">;
</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">//</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)"> TABLE_CRON_TRIGGERS columns names</span>
String COL_CRON_EXPRESSION = "CRON_EXPRESSION"<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">;
</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">//</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)"> TABLE_BLOB_TRIGGERS columns names</span>
String COL_BLOB = "BLOB_DATA"<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">;
String COL_TIME_ZONE_ID </span>= "TIME_ZONE_ID"<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">;
</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">//</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)"> TABLE_FIRED_TRIGGERS columns names</span>
String COL_INSTANCE_NAME = "INSTANCE_NAME"<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">;
String COL_FIRED_TIME </span>= "FIRED_TIME"<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">;
String COL_SCHED_TIME </span>= "SCHED_TIME"<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">;
String COL_ENTRY_ID </span>= "ENTRY_ID"<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">;
String COL_ENTRY_STATE </span>= "STATE"<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">;
</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">//</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)"> TABLE_CALENDARS columns names</span>
String COL_CALENDAR_NAME = "CALENDAR_NAME"<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">;
String COL_CALENDAR </span>= "CALENDAR"<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">;
</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">//</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)"> TABLE_LOCKS columns names</span>
String COL_LOCK_NAME = "LOCK_NAME"<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">;
</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">//</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)"> TABLE_LOCKS columns names</span>
String COL_LAST_CHECKIN_TIME = "LAST_CHECKIN_TIME"<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">;
String COL_CHECKIN_INTERVAL </span>= "CHECKIN_INTERVAL"<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">;
</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">//</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)"> MISC CONSTANTS</span>
String DEFAULT_TABLE_PREFIX = "QRTZ_"<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">;
</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">//</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)"> STATES</span>
String STATE_WAITING = "WAITING"<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">;
String STATE_ACQUIRED </span>= "ACQUIRED"<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">;
String STATE_EXECUTING </span>= "EXECUTING"<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">;
String STATE_COMPLETE </span>= "COMPLETE"<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">;
String STATE_BLOCKED </span>= "BLOCKED"<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">;
String STATE_ERROR </span>= "ERROR"<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">;
String STATE_PAUSED </span>= "PAUSED"<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">;
String STATE_PAUSED_BLOCKED </span>= "PAUSED_BLOCKED"<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">;
String STATE_DELETED </span>= "DELETED"<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">;
</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">/**</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">
* </span><span style="color: rgba(128, 128, 128, 1)">@deprecated</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)"> Whether a trigger has misfired is no longer a state, but
* rather now identified dynamically by whether the trigger's next fire
* time is more than the misfire threshold time in the past.
</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">*/</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">
String STATE_MISFIRED </span>= "MISFIRED"<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">;
String ALL_GROUPS_PAUSED </span>= "_$_ALL_GROUPS_PAUSED_$_"<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">;
</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">//</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)"> TRIGGER TYPES</span>
<span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">/**</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)"> Simple Trigger type. </span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">*/</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">
String TTYPE_SIMPLE </span>= "SIMPLE"<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">;
</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">/**</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)"> Cron Trigger type. </span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">*/</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">
String TTYPE_CRON </span>= "CRON"<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">;
</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">/**</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)"> Calendar Interval Trigger type. </span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">*/</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">
String TTYPE_CAL_INT </span>= "CAL_INT"<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">;
</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">/**</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)"> Daily Time Interval Trigger type. </span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">*/</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">
String TTYPE_DAILY_TIME_INT </span>= "DAILY_I"<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">;
</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">/**</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)"> A general blob Trigger type. </span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">*/</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">
String TTYPE_BLOB </span>= "BLOB"<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">;
}
// EOF
里面有 quartz 的表名、各个表包含的列名、trigger 状态、trigger 类型等内容
状态包括
WAITING：等待中
ACQUIRED：将触发，此时还未到 trigger 真正的触发时刻
EXECUTING：触发，亦可理解成执行中，trigger 真正的触发时刻
COMPLETE：完成，不再触发
BLOCKED：受阻，不允许并发执行 job 时会出现（@DisallowConcurrentExecution）
ERROR：出错
PAUSED：暂停中
PAUSED_BLOCKED：暂停受阻，不允许并发执行 job 时会出现（@DisallowConcurrentExecution）
DELETED：已删除
MISFIRED：触发失败，已弃用，有另外的替代方式
状态变化流程图如下所示
trigger 的初始状态是 WAITING，处于 WAITING 状态的 trigger 等待被触发。调度线程会不停地扫 triggers 表，根据 NEXT_FIRE_TIME 提前拉取即将触发的 trigger，如果这个 trigger 被该调度线程拉取到，它的状态就会变为 ACQUIRED。因为是提前拉取 trigger，并未到达 trigger 真正的触发时刻，所以调度线程会等到真正触发的时刻，再将 trigger 状态由 ACQUIRED 改为 EXECUTING。如果这个 trigger 不再执行，就将状态改为 COMPLETE, 否则为 WAITING，开始新的周期。如果这个周期中的任何环节抛出异常，trigger 的状态会变成 ERROR。如果手动暂停这个 trigger，状态会变成 PAUSED。
总结
Quartz 作为一个开源的作业调度框架，提供了巨大的灵活性而不牺牲简单性。我们能够用它来为执行一个作业而创建简单的或复杂的调度。它有很多特征，如：数据库、集群、插件、JavaMail 支持，EJB 作业预构建，支持 cron-like 表达式等等；
springboot 集成 quartz 非常简单，最简单的情况下只需要引入依赖我们就可以享受 quartz 提供的功能，springboot 默认会帮我们配置好 quartz；当然我们也可以自定义配置来实现 quartz 的定制；