玩转spring boot——结合阿里云持续交付
前言
在互联网项目中，项目测试、部署往往需要花费大量时间。传统方式是在本地打包、测试完毕程序，然后通过 ftp 上传至服务器，再把测试的配置文件修改为生产环境的配置文件，最后重新运行服务。这一过程如果交给人工完成往往容易出错，如项目有大量的配置，而仅有一处配置不正确将会发生重大的灾难，因此项目的持续集成和持续交付则尤为重要。之前，笔者的项目是通过 git+maven+tomcat+jenkins 来完成的，而如今阿里云推出了持续交付平台，笔者来为大家踩踩坑。
一、准备工作 (spring boot+maven 的项目)
package com.github.carter659.springskill01;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;/**
- 入口类 博客出处：http://www.cnblogs.com/GoodHelper/
*/
@SpringBootApplication
@Controller
public class App {@Value(</span>"${name}"<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">) </span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">private</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)"> String name; </span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">public</span> <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">static</span> <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">void</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)"> main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(App.</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">class</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">, args); } @GetMapping(</span>"/"<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">) </span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">public</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)"> String index(Model model) { model.addAttribute(</span>"name"<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">, name); </span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">return</span> "index"<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">; }}
<!DOCTYPE html> <html xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org"> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" /> <title>玩转 spring boot——结合阿里云持续交付</title> </head> <body> <h1>玩转 spring boot——结合阿里云持续交付</h1> <h4> <a href="http://www.cnblogs.com/GoodHelper/">from 刘冬的博客</a> </h4> <h3 th:text="' 环境为：' + ${name}"></h3> <br /> <a href="http://www.cnblogs.com/GoodHelper/">点击访问原版博客 (www.cnblogs.com/GoodHelper)</a> </body> </html>
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1)"></</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">name</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">></span> <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)"><</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">url</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">></span>http://maven.apache.org<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)"></</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">url</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">></span> <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)"><</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">properties</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">></span> <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)"><</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">project.build.sourceEncoding</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">></span>UTF-8<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)"></</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">project.build.sourceEncoding</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">></span> <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)"><</span><span style="color: 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1)">></span> <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)"><</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">artifactId</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">></span>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)"></</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">artifactId</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">></span> <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)"></</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">dependency</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">></span> <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)"><</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">dependency</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">></span> <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)"><</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">groupId</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">></span>org.springframework.boot<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)"></</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">groupId</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">></span> <span 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style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">build</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">></span> <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)"><</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">plugins</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">></span> <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)"><</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">plugin</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">></span> <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)"><</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">groupId</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">></span>org.springframework.boot<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)"></</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">groupId</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">></span> <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)"><</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">artifactId</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">></span>spring-boot-maven-plugin<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)"></</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">artifactId</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">></span> <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)"></</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">plugin</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">></span> <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)"></</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">plugins</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">></span> <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)"><</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">finalName</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">></span>spring-skill-01<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)"></</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">finalName</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">></span> <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)"></</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">build</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">></span></project>
build 节点配置生成的 jar 名“<finalName>spring-skill-01</finalName>”，之后的脚步中会执行 java -jar 命令的 jar 的名称就是“spring-skill-01”
增加三个配置文件：
application.properties：
## dev | prod | test spring.profiles.active=dev
application-dev.properties:
name=\u5F00\u53D1\u73AF\u5883
application-prod.properties：
name=\u751F\u4EA7\u73AF\u5883
分别演示开发、生产环境的不同配置
项目结构为：
本地运行效果为：
二、配置 linux 服务器
mkdir /opt/java mkdir /opt/run vi /opt/run/run.sh
“/opt/java”路径是之后阿里云持续交付平台上传文件的路径
创建项目的目录和运行项目的脚步文件
“/opt/run/run.sh”文件为：
#!/bin/bash cd /opt/java ps aux | grep spring | xargs kill -9 tar -xzf package.tgz java -jar /opt/java/spring-skill-01.jar --spring.profiles.active=prod
目的是：解压阿里云持续交付平台上传的项目，执行 java -jar 运行并生产环境的 spring boot 的 jar，而“spring-skill-01.jar”就是之前在 pom.xml 节点 <finalName>spring-skill-01</finalName> 配置的。
三、配置阿里云持续交付平台
首先，登录阿里云 git 库“https://code.aliyun.com/” 创建 git 项目
选择一个私有项目
创建完项目后，选择持续交付平台菜单
创建持续交付项目
为该项目创建工作流
选择默认模板并输入名称
配置工作流节点“打包”，执行“mvn package”命令
配置部署节点，设置之前在服务器创建的路径“/opt/java”
配置运行脚本的路径
配置机器授权
点击拷贝按钮，复制所拷贝的 key
在服务器新建文件和 key 文件
mkdir $HOME/.ssh/ vi $HOME/.ssh/authorized_keys
在“$HOME/.ssh/authorized_keys”文件中粘帖复制的 key
四、运行效果
执行 git 命令 push 代码
git add. git commit -m 'ok' git push
由于 push 代码会触发持续交付平台的工作流
所以会按照之前设定好的脚本运行
部署完毕后，访问服务器中项目：
总结
持续交付的整个简单过程就演示完了，但上述方案并不完美。问题出在执行的脚本上，正式项目需要把 spring boot 创建成服务，使用服务停止的命令终止进程，而不是使用 kill 来杀死进程。另外，正式项目还需要部署多个 web 容器，以便于让用户不间断和在察觉不到的情况下更新程序，需要与 nginx 联合使用。
代码：https://github.com/carter659/spring-boot-skill-01.git
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