"Python 在网络通讯方面功能强大，学习一下 Socket 通讯的基本方式 UDP 通讯： Server: [链接] import socket port=8081 s=socket.socket(socket.AF_INET,socket.SOCK_DGRAM) #从指定的端口，从任何发送者，接 ...."

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Python Socket学习

Python 在网络通讯方面功能强大，学习一下 Socket 通讯的基本方式

UDP 通讯：

Server:

import socket
port=8081
s=socket.socket(socket.AF_INET,socket.SOCK_DGRAM)
#从指定的端口，从任何发送者，接收 UDP 数据
s.bind(('',port))
print('正在等待接入...')
while True:
    #接收一个数据
    data,addr=s.recvfrom(1024)
    print('Received:',data,'from',addr)

Client:

import socket
port=8081
host='localhost'
s=socket.socket(socket.AF_INET,socket.SOCK_DGRAM)
s.sendto(b'hello,this is a test info !',(host,port))

很简单。下面是 TCP 方式：

Server:

#-*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from socket import *
from time import ctime
HOST=''
PORT=12345
BUFSIZ=1024
ADDR=(HOST, PORT)
sock=socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM)
sock.bind(ADDR)
sock.listen(5)
while True:
print('waiting for connection')
tcpClientSock, addr=sock.accept()
print('connect from ', addr)
while True:
try:
data=tcpClientSock.recv(BUFSIZ)
except:
print(e)
tcpClientSock.close()
break
if not data:
break
s='Hi,you send me :[%s] %s' %(ctime(), data.decode('utf8'))
tcpClientSock.send(s.encode('utf8'))
print([ctime()], ':', data.decode('utf8'))
tcpClientSock.close()
sock.close()

Client:

#-*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from socket import *
class TcpClient:
HOST='127.0.0.1'
PORT=12345
BUFSIZ=1024
ADDR=(HOST, PORT)
def init(self):
self.client=socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM)
self.client.connect(self.ADDR)
    </span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">while</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)"> True:
        data</span>=input(<span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">'</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">&gt;</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">'</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">)
        </span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">if</span> <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">not</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)"> data:
            </span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">break</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">
        self.client.send(data.encode(</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">'</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">utf8</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">'</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">))
        data</span>=<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">self.client.recv(self.BUFSIZ)
        </span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">if</span> <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">not</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)"> data:
            </span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">break</span>
        <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">print</span>(data.decode(<span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">'</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">utf8</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">'</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">))

if name == 'main':
client=TcpClient()

上面的 TCP 方式有个问题，不能退出，好吧，我们改造一下，使这个程序可以发送 quit 命令以退出：

Server:

#-*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from socket import *
from time import ctime
from time import localtime
import time
HOST=''
PORT=1122  #设置侦听端口
BUFSIZ=1024
ADDR=(HOST, PORT)
sock=socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM)
sock.bind(ADDR)
sock.listen(5)
#设置退出条件
STOP_CHAT=False
while not STOP_CHAT:
print('等待接入，侦听端口:%d' % (PORT))
tcpClientSock, addr=sock.accept()
print('接受连接，客户端地址：',addr)
while True:
try:
data=tcpClientSock.recv(BUFSIZ)
except:
#print(e)
            tcpClientSock.close()
break
if not data:
break
#python3 使用 bytes，所以要进行编码
#s='%s 发送给我的信息是:[%s] %s' %(addr[0],ctime(), data.decode('utf8'))
#对日期进行一下格式化
ISOTIMEFORMAT='%Y-%m-%d %X'
stime=time.strftime(ISOTIMEFORMAT, localtime())
s='%s 发送给我的信息是:%s' %(addr[0],data.decode('utf8'))
tcpClientSock.send(s.encode('utf8'))
print([stime], ':', data.decode('utf8'))
#如果输入 quit(忽略大小写), 则程序退出
STOP_CHAT=(data.decode('utf8').upper()=="QUIT")
if STOP_CHAT:
break
tcpClientSock.close()
sock.close()

Client:

#-*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from socket import *
class TcpClient:
#测试，连接本机
HOST='127.0.0.1'
#设置侦听端口
PORT=1122
BUFSIZ=1024
ADDR=(HOST, PORT)
def init(self):
self.client=socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM)
self.client.connect(self.ADDR)
    </span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">while</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)"> True:
        data</span>=input(<span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">'</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">&gt;</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">'</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">)
        </span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">if</span> <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">not</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)"> data:
            </span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">break</span>
        <span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">#</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">python3传递的是bytes，所以要编码</span>
        self.client.send(data.encode(<span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">'</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">utf8</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">'</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">))
        </span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">print</span>(<span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">'</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">发送信息到%s：%s</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">'</span> %<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">(self.HOST,data))
        </span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">if</span> data.upper()==<span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">"</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">QUIT</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">"</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">:
            </span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">break</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">            
        data</span>=<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">self.client.recv(self.BUFSIZ)
        </span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">if</span> <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">not</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)"> data:
            </span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">break</span>
        <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">print</span>(<span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">'</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">从%s收到信息：%s</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">'</span> %(self.HOST,data.decode(<span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">'</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">utf8</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">'</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">)))

if name == 'main':
client=TcpClient()

注：以上代码为 Python3。

Python Socket学习

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