"4. 组件使用基础什么是组件？组件可以理解为可重用的自定义 HTML。可以使用一堆组件来构造大型应用，任意类型的应用界面都可以抽象为一个组件树： [图片] 可以把组件代码按照 template、style、script 的拆分方式，放置到对应的.vue 文件中。组件预定义选项中最核心的几个： ...."

someone1
AI专业者开发社区 1 号成员
AI开发者社区 • 0 回帖 • 7 浏览 • 4 个月前

vue.js学习（2）

4. 组件使用基础

什么是组件？组件可以理解为可重用的自定义 HTML。
可以使用一堆组件来构造大型应用，任意类型的应用界面都可以抽象为一个组件树：

可以把组件代码按照 template、style、script 的拆分方式，放置到对应的.vue 文件中。
组件预定义选项中最核心的几个：

　模板（template）、初始数据（data）、接受的外部参数（props）、方法（methods）、生命周期钩子函数（lifecycle hooks）。

4.1 基本步骤

　　使用组件首先需要创建构造器：

var MyComponent = Vue.extend({
  // 选项...
})

　　要把这个构造器用作组件，需要用 Vue.component(tag, constructor) 注册：

// 全局注册组件，tag 为 my-component
Vue.component('my-component', MyComponent)

　　然后使用：

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
    <head>
        <meta charset="UTF-8">
        <title></title>
    </head>
    <body>
        <div id="xxx">
            <my-component></my-component>
        </div>
    </body>
    <script src="js/vue.js"></script>
    <script>
        var myComponent = Vue.extend({
            template: '<p>9898 不得了！</p>'
        });
        Vue.component('my-component', myComponent);
        new Vue({
            el: '#xxx'
        });
    </script>
</html>

　　其中，

Vue.component('my-component', MyComponent) 这种是全局注册，第一个参数是注册组件的名称，第二个参数是组件的构造函数；
选项对象的 template 属性用于定义组件要渲染的 HTML；
组件的模板替换了自定义元素，自定义元素的作用只是作为一个挂载点。组件挂载在 vue 实例上才会生效。
对于自定义标签名字，Vue.js 不强制要求遵循 W3C 规则（小写，并且包含一个短杠），为了避免不必要的事端尽管遵循这个规则。

4.2 局部注册

　　用实例选项 components 注册：

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
    <head>
        <meta charset="UTF-8">
        <title></title>
    </head>
    <body>
        <div id="xxx">
            <my-component></my-component>
        </div>
    </body>
    <script src="js/vue.js"></script>
    <script>
        var myComponent = Vue.extend({
            template: '<p>9898 不得了！</p>'
        });
//      Vue.component('my-component', myComponent);
        new Vue({
            el: '#xxx',
            components: {
                'my-component': myComponent
            }
        });
    </script>
</html>

　　也可以在组件中定义并使用其他组件：

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
    <head>
        <meta charset="UTF-8">
        <title></title>
    </head>
    <body>
        <div id="example">
            <xx-component></xx-component>
        </div>
    </body>
    <script src="js/vue.js"></script>
    <script>
        var Child = Vue.extend({
            template: '<div>i am zai</div>',
            replace: true
        })
        var Parent = Vue.extend({
            template: '<p>i am baba</p><br/><wa></wa>',
            components: {
                // <xx-component> 只能用在父组件模板内
                'wa': Child
            }
        })
        // 创建根实例
        new Vue({
            el: '#example',
            components: {
                'xx-component': Parent
            }
        })
    </script>
</html>

　　其中，子组件只能在父组件的 template 中使用。

　　另外，有简化的写法，Vue 在背后会自动地调用 Vue.extend()：

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
    <head>
        <meta charset="UTF-8">
        <title></title>
    </head>
    <body>
        <div id="xxx">
            <my-component-continue></my-component-continue>
        </div>
    </body>
    <script src="js/vue.js"></script>
    <script>
        // 局部注册的简化写法
        var vm2 = new Vue({
            el: '#xxx',
            components: {
                'my-component': {
                    template: '<div>9898 不得了！</div>'
                },
                'my-component-continue': {
                    template: '<div> 粮食大丰收！</div>'
                }
            }
        })
    </script>
</html>

4.3 组件选项问题

　　在定义组件的选项时，data 和 el 选项必须使用函数。

　　如果 data 选项指向某个对象，这意味着所有的组件实例共用一个 data。
　　所以应当使用一个函数作为 data 选项，让这个函数返回一个新对象：

Vue.component('my-component', {
data: </span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">function</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">(){

    </span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">return</span> {a : 1<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">}

}

})

　　同理，el 选项用在 Vue.extend() 中时也须是一个函数。

5. 数据传递

　　Vue.js 组件之间有三种数据传递方式：

props
组件通信
slot

5.1 props

　　“props”是组件数据的一个字段，期望从父组件传下来数据。因为组件实例的作用域是孤立的，所以子组件需要显式地用 props 选项来获取父组件的数据。

　　Props 选项可以是字面量、表达式、绑定修饰符。

5.1.1 字面量

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
    <head>
        <meta charset="UTF-8">
        <title></title>
    </head>
    <body>
        <child msg="hello!"></child>
        <script src="js/vue.js" type="text/javascript" charset="utf-8"></script>
        <script type="text/javascript">
            Vue.component('child', {
              // 声明 props
              props: ['msg'],
              // prop 可以用在模板内
              // 可以用 `this.msg` 设置
              template: '<span>{{msg}} 你困吗 </span>'
            })
            new Vue({
                el: 'body'
            })
        </script>
    </body>
</html>

　　HTML 特性不区分大小写。名字形式为 camelCase 的 prop 用作特性时，需要转为 kebab-case（短横线隔开）：

Vue.component('child', {
  // camelCase in JavaScript
  props: ['myMessage'],
  template: '<span>{{myMessage}}</span>'
})

<!-- kebab-case in HTML -->
<child my-message="hello!"></child>

5.1.2 动态

　　类似于用 v-bind 绑定 HTML 特性到一个表达式，也可以用 v-bind 绑定动态 Props 到父组件的数据。每当父组件的数据变化时，也会传导给子组件。比如酱：

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
    <head>
        <meta charset="UTF-8">
        <title></title>
    </head>
    <body>
        <div>
          <input v-model="parentMsg">
          <br>
          <child :my-message="parentMsg"></child>
        </div>
        <script src="js/vue.js" type="text/javascript" charset="utf-8"></script>
        <script type="text/javascript">
            Vue.component('child', {
                props: ['myMessage'],
                template: '<span>{{myMessage}} 你困吗 </span>'
            })
            new Vue({
                el: 'body',
                data:{
                    parentMsg:''
                }
            })
        </script>
    </body>
</html>

　　当我在 input 里面输入哈哈的时候：

5.1.3 绑定类型

　　可以使用绑定修饰符：

.sync，双向绑定
.once，单次绑定

<!-- 默认为单向绑定 -->
<child :msg="parentMsg"></child>
<!-- 双向绑定 -->
<child :msg.sync="parentMsg"></child>
<!-- 单次绑定 -->
<child :msg.once="parentMsg"></child>

　　prop 默认是单向绑定：当父组件的属性变化时，将传导给子组件，但是反过来不会。

　　不过需要注意的是：如果 prop 是一个对象或数组，是按引用传递。在子组件内修改它会影响父组件的状态，不管是使用哪种绑定类型。

　　示例：

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
    <head>
        <meta charset="UTF-8">
        <title></title>
    </head>
    <body>
        <div id="app">
        <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&lt;</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">table</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&gt;</span>
            <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&lt;</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">tr</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&gt;</span>
                <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&lt;</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">th </span><span style="color: rgba(255, 0, 0, 1)">colspan</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">="3"</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&gt;</span>父组件数据<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&lt;/</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">td</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&gt;</span>
            <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&lt;/</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">tr</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&gt;</span>
            <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&lt;</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">tr</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&gt;</span>
                <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&lt;</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">td</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&gt;</span>name<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&lt;/</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">td</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&gt;</span>
                <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&lt;</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">td</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&gt;</span>{{ name }}<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&lt;/</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">td</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&gt;</span>
                <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&lt;</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">td</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&gt;&lt;</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">input </span><span style="color: rgba(255, 0, 0, 1)">type</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">="text"</span><span style="color: rgba(255, 0, 0, 1)"> v-model</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">="name"</span> <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">/&gt;&lt;/</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">td</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&gt;</span>
            <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&lt;/</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">tr</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&gt;</span>
            <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&lt;</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">tr</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&gt;</span>
                <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&lt;</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">td</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&gt;</span>age<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&lt;/</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">td</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&gt;</span>
                <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&lt;</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">td</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&gt;</span>{{ age }}<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&lt;/</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">td</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&gt;</span>
                <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&lt;</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">td</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&gt;&lt;</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">input </span><span style="color: rgba(255, 0, 0, 1)">type</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">="text"</span><span style="color: rgba(255, 0, 0, 1)"> v-model</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">="age"</span> <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">/&gt;&lt;/</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">td</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&gt;</span>
            <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&lt;/</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">tr</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&gt;</span>
        <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&lt;/</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">table</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&gt;</span>
    
        <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&lt;</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">my-component </span><span style="color: rgba(255, 0, 0, 1)">v-bind:my-name.sync</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">="name"</span><span style="color: rgba(255, 0, 0, 1)"> v-bind:my-age</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">="age"</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&gt;&lt;/</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">my-component</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&gt;</span>
    <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&lt;/</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">div</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&gt;</span>
    
    <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&lt;</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">template </span><span style="color: rgba(255, 0, 0, 1)">id</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">="myComponent"</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&gt;</span>
        <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&lt;</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">table</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&gt;</span>
            <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&lt;</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">tr</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&gt;</span>
                <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&lt;</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">th </span><span style="color: rgba(255, 0, 0, 1)">colspan</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">="3"</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&gt;</span>子组件数据<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&lt;/</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">td</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&gt;</span>
            <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&lt;/</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">tr</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&gt;</span>
            <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&lt;</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">tr</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&gt;</span>
                <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&lt;</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">td</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&gt;</span>my name<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&lt;/</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">td</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&gt;</span>
                <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&lt;</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">td</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&gt;</span>{{ myName }}<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&lt;/</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">td</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&gt;</span>
                <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&lt;</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">td</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&gt;&lt;</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">input </span><span style="color: rgba(255, 0, 0, 1)">type</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">="text"</span><span style="color: rgba(255, 0, 0, 1)"> v-model</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">="myName"</span> <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">/&gt;&lt;/</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">td</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&gt;</span>
            <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&lt;/</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">tr</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&gt;</span>
            <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&lt;</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">tr</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&gt;</span>
                <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&lt;</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">td</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&gt;</span>my age<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&lt;/</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">td</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&gt;</span>
                <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&lt;</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">td</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&gt;</span>{{ myAge }}<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&lt;/</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">td</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&gt;</span>
                <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&lt;</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">td</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&gt;&lt;</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">input </span><span style="color: rgba(255, 0, 0, 1)">type</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">="text"</span><span style="color: rgba(255, 0, 0, 1)"> v-model</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">="myAge"</span> <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">/&gt;&lt;/</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">td</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&gt;</span>
            <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&lt;/</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">tr</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&gt;</span>
        <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&lt;/</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">table</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&gt;</span>
    <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&lt;/</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">template</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&gt;</span>
    <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&lt;</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">script </span><span style="color: rgba(255, 0, 0, 1)">src</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">="js/vue.js"</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&gt;&lt;/</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">script</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&gt;</span>
    <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&lt;</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">script</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&gt;</span>
        <span style="background-color: rgba(245, 245, 245, 1); color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">var</span><span style="background-color: rgba(245, 245, 245, 1); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)"> vm </span><span style="background-color: rgba(245, 245, 245, 1); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">=</span> <span style="background-color: rgba(245, 245, 245, 1); color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">new</span><span style="background-color: rgba(245, 245, 245, 1); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)"> Vue({
            el: </span><span style="background-color: rgba(245, 245, 245, 1); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">'</span><span style="background-color: rgba(245, 245, 245, 1); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">#app</span><span style="background-color: rgba(245, 245, 245, 1); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">'</span><span style="background-color: rgba(245, 245, 245, 1); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">,
            data: {
                name: </span><span style="background-color: rgba(245, 245, 245, 1); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">'</span><span style="background-color: rgba(245, 245, 245, 1); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">k</span><span style="background-color: rgba(245, 245, 245, 1); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">'</span><span style="background-color: rgba(245, 245, 245, 1); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">,
                age: </span><span style="background-color: rgba(245, 245, 245, 1); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">24</span><span style="background-color: rgba(245, 245, 245, 1); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">
            },
            components: {
                </span><span style="background-color: rgba(245, 245, 245, 1); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">'</span><span style="background-color: rgba(245, 245, 245, 1); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">my-component</span><span style="background-color: rgba(245, 245, 245, 1); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">'</span><span style="background-color: rgba(245, 245, 245, 1); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">: {
                    template: </span><span style="background-color: rgba(245, 245, 245, 1); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">'</span><span style="background-color: rgba(245, 245, 245, 1); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">#myComponent</span><span style="background-color: rgba(245, 245, 245, 1); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">'</span><span style="background-color: rgba(245, 245, 245, 1); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">,
                    props: [</span><span style="background-color: rgba(245, 245, 245, 1); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">'</span><span style="background-color: rgba(245, 245, 245, 1); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">myName</span><span style="background-color: rgba(245, 245, 245, 1); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">'</span><span style="background-color: rgba(245, 245, 245, 1); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">, </span><span style="background-color: rgba(245, 245, 245, 1); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">'</span><span style="background-color: rgba(245, 245, 245, 1); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">myAge</span><span style="background-color: rgba(245, 245, 245, 1); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">'</span><span style="background-color: rgba(245, 245, 245, 1); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">]
                }
            }
        })
    </span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&lt;/</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">script</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&gt;</span>
<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&lt;/</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">body</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&gt;</span>

</html>

　　上面这段设置了名字双向，年龄单向：

　　以下是一个大神的综合示例：

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
    <head>
        <meta charset="UTF-8">
        <title></title>
    </head>
    <body>
        <div id="app">
        <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&lt;</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">table</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&gt;</span>
            <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&lt;</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">tr</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&gt;</span>
                <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&lt;</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">th </span><span style="color: rgba(255, 0, 0, 1)">colspan</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">="3"</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&gt;</span>父组件数据<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&lt;/</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">td</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&gt;</span>
            <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&lt;/</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">tr</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&gt;</span>
            <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&lt;</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">tr</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&gt;</span>
                <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&lt;</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">td</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&gt;</span>name<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&lt;/</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">td</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&gt;</span>
                <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&lt;</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">td</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&gt;</span>{{ name }}<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&lt;/</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">td</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&gt;</span>
                <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&lt;</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">td</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&gt;&lt;</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">input </span><span style="color: rgba(255, 0, 0, 1)">type</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">="text"</span><span style="color: rgba(255, 0, 0, 1)"> v-model</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">="name"</span> <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">/&gt;&lt;/</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">td</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&gt;</span>
            <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&lt;/</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">tr</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&gt;</span>
            <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&lt;</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">tr</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&gt;</span>
                <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&lt;</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">td</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&gt;</span>age<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&lt;/</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">td</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&gt;</span>
                <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&lt;</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">td</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&gt;</span>{{ age }}<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&lt;/</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">td</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&gt;</span>
                <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&lt;</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">td</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&gt;&lt;</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">input </span><span style="color: rgba(255, 0, 0, 1)">type</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">="text"</span><span style="color: rgba(255, 0, 0, 1)"> v-model</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">="age"</span> <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">/&gt;&lt;/</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">td</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&gt;</span>
            <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&lt;/</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">tr</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&gt;</span>
        <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&lt;/</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">table</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&gt;</span>
    
        <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&lt;</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">my-component </span><span style="color: rgba(255, 0, 0, 1)">v-bind:my-name.sync</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">="name"</span><span style="color: rgba(255, 0, 0, 1)"> v-bind:my-age</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">="age"</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&gt;&lt;/</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">my-component</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&gt;</span>
    <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&lt;/</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">div</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&gt;</span>
    
    <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&lt;</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">template </span><span style="color: rgba(255, 0, 0, 1)">id</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">="myComponent"</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&gt;</span>
        <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&lt;</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">table</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&gt;</span>
            <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&lt;</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">tr</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&gt;</span>
                <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&lt;</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">th </span><span style="color: rgba(255, 0, 0, 1)">colspan</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">="3"</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&gt;</span>子组件数据<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&lt;/</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">td</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&gt;</span>
            <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&lt;/</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">tr</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&gt;</span>
            <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&lt;</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">tr</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&gt;</span>
                <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&lt;</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">td</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&gt;</span>my name<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&lt;/</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">td</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&gt;</span>
                <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&lt;</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">td</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&gt;</span>{{ myName }}<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&lt;/</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">td</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&gt;</span>
                <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&lt;</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">td</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&gt;&lt;</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">input </span><span style="color: rgba(255, 0, 0, 1)">type</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">="text"</span><span style="color: rgba(255, 0, 0, 1)"> v-model</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">="myName"</span> <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">/&gt;&lt;/</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">td</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&gt;</span>
            <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&lt;/</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">tr</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&gt;</span>
            <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&lt;</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">tr</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&gt;</span>
                <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&lt;</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">td</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&gt;</span>my age<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&lt;/</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">td</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&gt;</span>
                <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&lt;</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">td</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&gt;</span>{{ myAge }}<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&lt;/</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">td</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&gt;</span>
                <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&lt;</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">td</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&gt;&lt;</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">input </span><span style="color: rgba(255, 0, 0, 1)">type</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">="text"</span><span style="color: rgba(255, 0, 0, 1)"> v-model</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">="myAge"</span> <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">/&gt;&lt;/</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">td</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&gt;</span>
            <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&lt;/</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">tr</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&gt;</span>
        <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&lt;/</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">table</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&gt;</span>
    <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&lt;/</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">template</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&gt;</span>
    <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&lt;</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">script </span><span style="color: rgba(255, 0, 0, 1)">src</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">="js/vue.js"</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&gt;&lt;/</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">script</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&gt;</span>
    <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&lt;</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">script</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&gt;</span>
        <span style="background-color: rgba(245, 245, 245, 1); color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">var</span><span style="background-color: rgba(245, 245, 245, 1); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)"> vm </span><span style="background-color: rgba(245, 245, 245, 1); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">=</span> <span style="background-color: rgba(245, 245, 245, 1); color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">new</span><span style="background-color: rgba(245, 245, 245, 1); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)"> Vue({
            el: </span><span style="background-color: rgba(245, 245, 245, 1); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">'</span><span style="background-color: rgba(245, 245, 245, 1); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">#app</span><span style="background-color: rgba(245, 245, 245, 1); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">'</span><span style="background-color: rgba(245, 245, 245, 1); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">,
            data: {
                name: </span><span style="background-color: rgba(245, 245, 245, 1); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">'</span><span style="background-color: rgba(245, 245, 245, 1); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">k</span><span style="background-color: rgba(245, 245, 245, 1); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">'</span><span style="background-color: rgba(245, 245, 245, 1); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">,
                age: </span><span style="background-color: rgba(245, 245, 245, 1); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">24</span><span style="background-color: rgba(245, 245, 245, 1); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">
            },
            components: {
                </span><span style="background-color: rgba(245, 245, 245, 1); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">'</span><span style="background-color: rgba(245, 245, 245, 1); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">my-component</span><span style="background-color: rgba(245, 245, 245, 1); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">'</span><span style="background-color: rgba(245, 245, 245, 1); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">: {
                    template: </span><span style="background-color: rgba(245, 245, 245, 1); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">'</span><span style="background-color: rgba(245, 245, 245, 1); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">#myComponent</span><span style="background-color: rgba(245, 245, 245, 1); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">'</span><span style="background-color: rgba(245, 245, 245, 1); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">,
                    props: [</span><span style="background-color: rgba(245, 245, 245, 1); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">'</span><span style="background-color: rgba(245, 245, 245, 1); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">myName</span><span style="background-color: rgba(245, 245, 245, 1); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">'</span><span style="background-color: rgba(245, 245, 245, 1); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">, </span><span style="background-color: rgba(245, 245, 245, 1); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">'</span><span style="background-color: rgba(245, 245, 245, 1); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">myAge</span><span style="background-color: rgba(245, 245, 245, 1); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">'</span><span style="background-color: rgba(245, 245, 245, 1); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">]
                }
            }
        })
    </span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&lt;/</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">script</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&gt;</span>
<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&lt;/</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">body</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&gt;</span>

</html>

　　可以检索：

　　其中，　

{{col | capitalize}}

　　过滤，首字母大写。

<tr v-for="entry in data | filterBy filterKey">
　　<td v-for="col in columns">
　　　　{{entry[col]}}
　　</td>
</tr>

　　过滤搜索关键词；

　　双循环，tr 循环 data 条数，4 行，entry 表示每行；td 循环 columns 数量，3 列，col 表示每列，entry[col] 取具体数据。

props: {
　　data: Array,
　　columns: Array,
　　filterKey: String
}

　　验证：父组件传递过来的 data 和 columns 必须是 Array 类型，filterKey 必须是字符串类型。

　　验证要求示例：

Vue.component('example', {
  props: {
    // 基础类型检测 （`null` 意思是任何类型都可以）
    propA: Number,
    // 多种类型 (1.0.21+)
    propM: [String, Number],
    // 必需且是字符串
    propB: {
      type: String,
      required: true
    },
    // 数字，有默认值
    propC: {
      type: Number,
      default: 100
    },
    // 对象 / 数组的默认值应当由一个函数返回
    propD: {
      type: Object,
      default: function () {
        return { msg: 'hello' }
      }
    },
    // 指定这个 prop 为双向绑定
    // 如果绑定类型不对将抛出一条警告
    propE: {
      twoWay: true
    },
    // 自定义验证函数
    propF: {
      validator: function (value) {
        return value > 10
      }
    },
    // 转换函数（1.0.12 新增）
    // 在设置值之前转换值
    propG: {
      coerce: function (val) {
        return val + '' // 将值转换为字符串
      }
    },
    propH: {
      coerce: function (val) {
        return JSON.parse(val) // 将 JSON 字符串转换为对象
      }
    }
  }
})

　　Stringtype 可以是下面原生构造器：

Number
Boolean
Function
Object
Array

　　type 也可以是一个自定义构造器，使用 instanceof 检测。

　　当 prop 验证失败时，Vue 将拒绝在子组件上设置此值，如果使用的是开发版本会抛出一条警告。

参考：http://www.cnblogs.com/keepfool/p/5625583.html

　　《vue.js 权威指南》

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