vue.js中v-for的使用及索引获取

2.x 版本:

 

v-for="(item,index) in items"

index 即索引值。

 ========================== 分割线 ==============================

1.x 版本:

1.v-for

  示例一:

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
    <meta charset="utf-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="initial-scale=1.0, maximum-scale=1.0, user-scalable=no" />
    <title></title>
</head>
<body>
    <div id="didi-navigator">
        <ul>
            <li v-for="tab in tabs">
                {{tab.text}}
            </li>
        </ul>
    </div>
    <script src="js/vue.js" type="text/javascript" charset="utf-8"></script>
    <script type="text/javascript">
        new Vue({
            el: '#didi-navigator',
            data: {
                tabs: [
                    { text: '巴士' },
                    { text: '快车' },
                    { text: '专车' },
                    { text: '顺风车' },
                    { text: '出租车' },
                    { text: '代驾' }
                ]
            }
        })
    </script>
</body>
</html>

2. 索引

  在 v-for 块内我们能完全访问父组件作用域内的属性,特殊变量 $index 是当前数组元素的索引:

<ul id="example-2">
  <li v-for="item in items">
    {{parentMessage}} - {{$index}} - {{item.message}}
  </li>
</ul>
var example2 = new Vue({
  el: '#example-2',
  data: {
    parentMessage: 'Parent',
    items: [
      { message: 'Foo' },
      { message: 'Bar' }
    ]
  }
})

  另外,你可以为索引指定一个别名(如果 v-for 用于一个对象,则可以为对象的键指定一个别名):

<div v-for="(index, item) in items">
  {{index}} {{item.message}}
</div>

   从 1.0.17 开始可以使用 of 分隔符,更接近 JavaScript 遍历器语法:

<div v-for="item of items"></div>

  示例二:

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
    <meta charset="utf-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="initial-scale=1.0, maximum-scale=1.0, user-scalable=no" />
    <title></title>
</head>
<body>
    <ul>
        <li v-for="option in options">
            <p class="text-success" v-on:click="getIndex($index)">Text:{{option.text}}--Vlue:{{option.value}}</p>
        </li>
    </ul>
    <div v-if="isNaN(click)==false">
        <span>你点击的索引为: {{click}}</span>
    </div>
    <div v-else>
        <p class="text-danger">试着点击上方 LI 条目</p>
    </div>
    <script src="js/vue.js" type="text/javascript" charset="utf-8"></script>
    <script type="text/javascript">
        new Vue({
            el: 'body',
            data: {
                click: 'a',
                options: [
                    { text: '上海市', value: '20' },
                    { text: '湖北省', value: '43' },
                    { text: '河南省', value: '45' },
                    { text: '北京市', value: '10' }
                ]
            },
            methods:{
                getIndex:function($index){
                    this.click=$index;
                }
            }
        });
    </script>
</body>
</html>

3. 在点击事件中取到索引

  方法一:添加自定义属性

  示例三:

 

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
    <head>
        <meta charset="UTF-8">
        <title></title>
        <style type="text/css">
            a{display: block;}
        </style>
    </head>
    <body>
        <div>
               <a v-for="(index,item) in items" data-index="{{index}}" v-on:click="onclick" href="http://www.baidu.com">{{item.text}}</a>
        </div>
        <input type="text" name="" id="index" value=""/>
    <script src="js/vue.js" type="text/javascript" charset="utf-8"></script>
    <script type="text/javascript">
        new Vue({
            el: 'body',
            data: {
                items: [
                    { text: '巴士' },
                    { text: '快车' },
                    { text: '专车' },
                    { text: '顺风车' },
                    { text: '出租车' },
                    { text: '代驾' }
                ]
            },
            methods: {
                onclick:function(event){event.preventDefault();
                    let target = event.target
                    console.log(target.getAttribute("data-index"));
                    document.getElementById('index').value = target.getAttribute("data-index");}
            }
        })
    </script>
    </body>
</html>

  方法二:直接传入索引值

  示例四(和二差不多):

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html>

<head>

<meta charset="UTF-8">

<title></title>

<style type="text/css">

a{display: block;}

</style>

</head>

<body>

<div>

<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&lt;</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">a </span><span style="color: rgba(255, 0, 0, 1)">v-for</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">="(index,item) in items"</span><span style="color: rgba(255, 0, 0, 1)"> v-on:click</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">="onclick($index)"</span><span style="color: rgba(255, 0, 0, 1)"> href</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">="#"</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&gt;</span>{{ item.text }}<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&lt;/</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">a</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&gt;</span>

</div>

<input type="text" name="" id="index" value=""/>

<script src="js/vue.js" type="text/javascript" charset="utf-8"></script>

<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&lt;</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">script </span><span style="color: rgba(255, 0, 0, 1)">type</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">="text/javascript"</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">&gt;</span>

 <span style="background-color: rgba(245, 245, 245, 1); color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">new</span><span style="background-color: rgba(245, 245, 245, 1); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)"> Vue({

el: </span><span style="background-color: rgba(245, 245, 245, 1); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">'</span><span style="background-color: rgba(245, 245, 245, 1); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">body</span><span style="background-color: rgba(245, 245, 245, 1); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">'</span><span style="background-color: rgba(245, 245, 245, 1); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">,

data: {

 items: [

 { text: </span><span style="background-color: rgba(245, 245, 245, 1); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">'</span><span style="background-color: rgba(245, 245, 245, 1); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">巴士</span><span style="background-color: rgba(245, 245, 245, 1); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">'</span><span style="background-color: rgba(245, 245, 245, 1); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)"> },

 { text: </span><span style="background-color: rgba(245, 245, 245, 1); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">'</span><span style="background-color: rgba(245, 245, 245, 1); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">快车</span><span style="background-color: rgba(245, 245, 245, 1); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">'</span><span style="background-color: rgba(245, 245, 245, 1); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)"> },

 { text: </span><span style="background-color: rgba(245, 245, 245, 1); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">'</span><span style="background-color: rgba(245, 245, 245, 1); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">专车</span><span style="background-color: rgba(245, 245, 245, 1); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">'</span><span style="background-color: rgba(245, 245, 245, 1); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)"> },

 { text: </span><span style="background-color: rgba(245, 245, 245, 1); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">'</span><span style="background-color: rgba(245, 245, 245, 1); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">顺风车</span><span style="background-color: rgba(245, 245, 245, 1); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">'</span><span style="background-color: rgba(245, 245, 245, 1); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)"> },

 { text: </span><span style="background-color: rgba(245, 245, 245, 1); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">'</span><span style="background-color: rgba(245, 245, 245, 1); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">出租车</span><span style="background-color: rgba(245, 245, 245, 1); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">'</span><span style="background-color: rgba(245, 245, 245, 1); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)"> },

 { text: </span><span style="background-color: rgba(245, 245, 245, 1); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">'</span><span style="background-color: rgba(245, 245, 245, 1); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">代驾</span><span style="background-color: rgba(245, 245, 245, 1); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">'</span><span style="background-color: rgba(245, 245, 245, 1); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)"> }

 ]

 },

methods: {

 onclick:</span><span style="background-color: rgba(245, 245, 245, 1); color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1)">function</span><span style="background-color: rgba(245, 245, 245, 1); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">(index){

// index.preventDefault();

console.log(index);

document.getElementById(</span><span style="background-color: rgba(245, 245, 245, 1); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">'</span><span style="background-color: rgba(245, 245, 245, 1); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">index</span><span style="background-color: rgba(245, 245, 245, 1); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">'</span><span style="background-color: rgba(245, 245, 245, 1); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">).value </span><span style="background-color: rgba(245, 245, 245, 1); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">=</span><span style="background-color: rgba(245, 245, 245, 1); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)"> index;

}

}

})

</script>

</body>

</html>

  效果与方法一相同。

  不过有链接时:

  与取索引虽然不冲突,但是如果要对所跳的链接做进一步操作,则无法阻止跳转事件:

  如果想直接传索引可以用以下方法:

  示例五:

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
    <head>
        <meta charset="UTF-8">
        <title></title>
        <style type="text/css">
            a{display: block;}
        </style>
    </head>
    <body>
        <div>
               <a v-for="(index,item) in items" v-on:click="onclick($index)" href="javascript:void(0)">{{item.text}}</a>
        </div>
        <input type="text" name="" id="index" value=""/>
    <script src="js/vue.js" type="text/javascript" charset="utf-8"></script>
    <script type="text/javascript">
        new Vue({
            el: 'body',
            data: {
                items: [
                    { text: '巴士' },
                    { text: '快车' },
                    { text: '专车' },
                    { text: '顺风车' },
                    { text: '出租车' },
                    { text: '代驾' }
                ]
            },
            methods: {
                onclick:function(index){
//                    index.preventDefault();
                    console.log(index);
                    document.getElementById('index').value = index;
                    window.location.href = "http://www.baidu.com";
                }
            }
        })
    </script>
    </body>
</html>

 

补充:

 

4. 关于 v-for 版本 2.0 与 1.x 的区别

  2.0 版本的示例五:

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
    <head>
        <meta charset="UTF-8">
        <title></title>
        <style type="text/css">
            a{display: block;}
        </style>
    </head>
    <body>
        <div id="for5">
            <a v-for="(item,index) in items" v-on:click="onclick(index)" href="javascript:void(0)">{{index}}{{item.text}}</a>
        </div>
        <input type="text" name="" id="index" value=""/>
    <script src="js/vue2.js" type="text/javascript" charset="utf-8"></script>
    <script type="text/javascript">
        new Vue({
            el: '#for5',
            data: {
                items: [
                    { text: '巴士' },
                    { text: '快车' },
                    { text: '专车' },
                    { text: '顺风车' },
                    { text: '出租车' },
                    { text: '代驾' }
                ]
            },
            methods: {
                onclick:function(index){console.log(index);
                    document.getElementById('index').value = index;
//                  window.location.href = "http://www.baidu.com";
                    window.location.href = "#";
                }
            }
        })
    </script>
    </body>
</html>

  变化如下:

  1. el 处需 id,写 body 报错;
  2. 参数 index 需写在 item 后面;
  3. 作为事件参数时不用加 $ 符。

  此外,也可以提供第二个的参数为键名:

<div v-for="(value, key) in object">

{{key}} : {{value}}

</div>

  第三个参数为索引:

<div v-for="(value, key, index) in object">

{{index}}. {{key}} : {{value}}

</div>